Clinical Dementia

Question 1

Cognitive Reserve

Answer 1

Genetics and experiences can give you a better buffer against brain injury - can lose more and suffer more damage before get noticeable cognitive decline

Question 2

4 Reversible Causes of Dementia

Answer 2

Metabolic - B12
Thyroid
Depression
Drug Induced

Question 3

Things that Decrease and Increase w/ Normal Cognitive Aging

Answer 3

Fluid abilities like speed/problem solving decrease

Crystallized ability like knowledge and expertise increase

Question 4

Strongest Correlative Predictor of AD

Answer 4

“Zip Code”

Question 5

Clinical Diagnosis of LBD

Answer 5

Dementia plus 2/3 of: fluctuating cognition, visual hallucinations, spontaneous parkinsonian motor signs

Question 6

Frontotemporal Dementias

Answer 6

Group of clinical entities w/ onset earlier than AD and more prominent behavior difficulties

Question 7

Signs of Cortical vs. Subcortical Vascular Dementia

Answer 7

Sensory and motor deficits vs. like lacunar infarct signs, like pseudobulbar affect (lose control of emotions in primitive ways)

Question 8

CADASIL

Answer 8

Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy w/ Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy - heritable kind of VAD w/ seizure/aura stuff

Question 9

5 Infectious Disease Dementias

Answer 9

HIV
Herpes Encephalitis
Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML) from Papvavirus or SV40. Infects oligos and rapid death
Neurosyphilis
CNS TB Meningitis

Question 10

Practice if Suspect Alcoholism

Answer 10

Don’t give glucose w/out thiamine. Can destroy mamillary bodies