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Lessons Learned Flashcards

1
Q

semantic memory

A

long term memory that processes ideas that dont come from personal experience

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2
Q

what is linear perspective

A

parallel lines that recede in the distance appear closer to gether

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3
Q

what is texture gradient

A

distortion in size of closer objects compared to far

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4
Q

what is perceptual consistency

A

perception is constant even though sensation changes

snow looks just as white in the night

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5
Q

what is attention shift

A

increases efficacy of attention at the one spot and then decreases attentional resources to irrelevant objects

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6
Q

what does aschs experiment tell us about conformity

A

if there is ambiguity and no clear consensus in a group its easier to make and independent opinion

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7
Q

punishment to eliminate behaviour is most effective if it is

A

immediate
consistent
intense

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8
Q

difference threshold

A

min level of stimulation that is noticed 50% of the time

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9
Q

brainwashing techniques by McConnell you can think of what

A

prison they are isolated and depend on the guards to bring their food and if you offer rewards they will give up info

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10
Q

what is a saccade

A

when the eye jumps from one focus point to another rather than smoothly tracking

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11
Q

chemoreceptors are for

A

taste and smell

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12
Q

what is a limen

A

threshold below which a stimulus is not perceived or distinguished from one another

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13
Q

what is medicare

A

for people over 65 and to disabled people

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14
Q

difference between top down and bottom up processing

A

top down - perception driven by cognition

bottom up - processing sensory info as it comes in

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15
Q

how can you use feature detection to determine what someone might see when scanning a busy street

A

since external stimuli are filtered and processed by relevance it will depend on what situation someone is in
if someone is waiting for their friend the first thing they may notice is someone waving rather than the police lights going off

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16
Q

what type of processing do children often use when seeing something new for the first time

A

bottom up

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17
Q

what is the context effect

A

increased recall when the subject is in a similar environment to the one it was learned in

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18
Q

what is a stimulus motive

A

one that is innate but not necessary for survival

like curiosity - not learned but causes increase in stimulation

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19
Q

normative vs informative pressure

A

norm - you know they’re wrong but don’t want to go against the group
inform - conform to the rest of the group because you assume they know more

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20
Q

who is gordon all port

A

outlined a theory of personality of 3 basic traits
cardinal
central
secondary

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21
Q

cardinal traits

A

those in which people organize their entire lives

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22
Q

central traits

A

defining characteristics of a person that can be easily inferred from that person’s behavior

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23
Q

secondary traits

A

occur sometimes, particularly when a person is in a certain social situation.

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24
Q

John b Watsons little Albert experiment did what

A

used classical conditioning to make a boy scared of furry animals and objects

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25
Albert banduru bodo doll experiment
showed that kids display aggressive behaviour when their parents do from observational learning
26
Hans Eysenck said persoanlity was due to what
biology
27
Muzafer Sharif’s Robber’s Cave experiment
examined the intergroup conflicts that arise in response to competition over limited resources.
28
Harry Harlow rhesus monkeys
examined parent/child attachment, social isolation, and dependency
29
deductive vs inductive reasoning
in - extrapolates from individual observations to general principles did - extrapolates from general principles to individual observations
30
prescriptive vs descriptive
prescriptive is what you think should happen and descriptive is what one perceives as actually happening
31
our assignment of meaning towards or money or something like diamonds is an example of
social constructionism
32
social exchange theory vs rational choice what's the big difference
social exchange is more subjective | rational choice is objective measures that will result in the greatest benefit
33
diathesis stress model of behaviour
uses environemental and biological dispositions towards behaviour
34
encoding specificity
enhanced memory when in the same location or conditions of learning
35
how are phobias usually acquired
through classical conditioning
36
is retinal disparity a binocular cue
yes requires both retinas
37
anomie is associated with which perspective
functionalist
38
social stigma is associated with which perspective
symbolic interactionism
39
what is life course perspective
how things when your young will affect the future outcomes
40
what is demographic transition theory
Demographic transition refers to a theory of economic development and population change. The theory suggests that economic changes, specifically industrialization, affect the relationship between the fertility and mortality rates in a society.
41
what is social epidemiology
emphasizes how social factors, such as class or race/ethnicity, affect the distribution of health and disease
42
what is ethnographic research
involves observing social interactions in real social settings.
43
what is seyles general adaption syndrome
people’s response to various stressors is similar.
44
what is priming effect, is it conscious
exposure to one stimulus effects the next response if you are at a pig farm and then someone asks what to have for supper you'll be more likely to say pork this is unconscious!
45
according to group dynamics in sociology how does a dyad group differ from a triad
smaller groups tend to be more intimate but less stable | larger are more stable because there are more social ties but they are a less intimate bond
46
what is ingratiation
basically sucking up | presenting yourself in a way you think people will like
47
alturism vs inclusive fitness
alturism is more broad like to a whole society not just your kin
48
how does false consciousness change the view of people are are exploited
if the managers tell them if they keep working hard they will move up then they see these managers as their alleys
49
recall vs shadowing
recall is like asked to repeat words back after a period of time in psych shadowing is saying the things as you hear them
50
what is the gestalt principle of psych
gestalt psychology was the theoretical approach that emphasized the idea that the ways in which people’s perceptual experience is organized result from how human brains are organized
51
what is intersectionality
. Intersectionality calls attention to how identity categories intersect in systems of social stratification how race and social status can influence social heir achy
52
how do emotions effect our attention
focus more on central things less focus on peripheral
53
what are the main components of measuring SES
income occupation education
54
a positive correlation between two _____ measures of a variable supports the ______ of those measures
independent | validity
55
dichotic listening task
send a message to the right ear and a different one to the left at the same time and have them repeat what they hear
56
what to image brain structures only
CT or MRI
57
want to image brain structure and activity
PET or fMRI
58
what to study brainwaves/electrical activity
EEG
59
peer groups are what kind of group
primary
60
conflict theory vs functionalism regarding social change
conflict theory looks at class differences and would think an overthrow of the rich people would be a good thing while functionalism likes the social stability
61
what is structural mobility
ability of a whole society to move up or down a social class not just an individual
62
what is self verification
tendency to see out and agree with info that is consistent with ones self concept
63
what is sensory interaction
one sensory modality may influence another | ex. need to keep eyes open to balance
64
fmRI vs PET scan
fMRI seems to be more realtime stuff like activity when talking or something because it shows changes in blood flow PET takes longer and requires radio labelled glucose so between the 2 fMRI is prob more likely
65
what is place theory
the ability to hear different pitches based on waves triggering activity on different areas along the basilar membrane
66
priming involves which type of memory process
implicit
67
what is the difference between REM sleep and being awake
EOG - measurement of eye movement
68
what is associative learning
connection formed between distinct stimuli or between a stimulus and a response classical and operant conditioning
69
can an conditioned stimulus become unconditioned
no conditioned can never be unconditioned and vice versa
70
what are Parvocellular cells used for
detect stationary objects in fine detail
71
does behavioural approach consider cognition
no they only care about actual outcomes of behaviour for determining future behaviour
72
what is the glass elevator approach
that men will advance to higher positions more quickly in a female dominated profession
73
what is overextension
applying the same term for things that are superficially similar like a cow and a dog

Psych/Sociology (18 decks)

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