Biopsychosocial model, society, culture

Question 1

biomedical vs biopsychosocial approach

Answer 1

medical - considers biological aspects of patients health
BPS - incorporates psychology, sociology, and biology believes that illness is a product of more than biology and has multiple causes

Question 2

a community is a group of people coming together in a larger unit , what are the 2 types

Answer 2

geographic - location

ideological - not bound by location but ideas

Question 3

compare culture to subculture

Answer 3

culture is a collection of beliefs, morals, practices etc characteristic to a group of people while subculture is smaller distinct set of values in a culture

Question 4

how is culture transmitted

Answer 4

through social learning

Question 5

compare society to nation

Answer 5

society - large social group sharing same geographical or social territory subjected to same political authority
nation - unified by impersonal political needs not necessarily in the same location

Question 6

compare model to a theory

Answer 6

model- represents something that can’t be directly observed
theory - try to explain how things happen, rely on external evidence to assert their validity. always being update so can only be disproven can’t be definitively proven

Question 7

what are the 4 macro sociology (large portions of population) theories

Answer 7

functionalism
conflict theory
social constructionism
feminist theory

Question 8

define functionalism

Answer 8

all parts of health society work in unison
social stability makes a society healthy
intended consequences = manifest functions
unintended consequences = latent functions

Question 9

define conflict theory

Answer 9

groups act according to self interests constantly competing for resources or power
presence of competition is integral to societal function

Question 10

define social constructionism

Answer 10

society constructs ideas about the world

aka humans make their own reality so if no humans then no meaning

Question 11

define feminist theory

Answer 11

role of women in society in relation to power

Question 12

define symbolic interactionism ***

Answer 12

small groups of people create a shared understanding of certain symbols

Question 13

difference between social constructionism and symbolic interactionism

Answer 13

symbolic interactionism focuses on smaller groups (micro sociology)

Question 14

what is the rational choice theory

Answer 14

people will do what is rational and thus every action can be calculated in terms of pros and cons

Question 15

define culture

Answer 15

collection of beliefs that make up a shared way of life

usually exists within a society

Question 16

what are social institutions

Answer 16

perform specific tasks to help a society function

government, education, and religion, health and medicine

Question 17

define meritocracies

Answer 17

government where the advancement of individuals is based solely on their abilities and achievements

Question 18

difference between capitalism and socialism

Answer 18

cap = goods and services are privately owned 
soc = goods and services owned and allocated by the government

Question 19

4 tenets of medical ethics include beneficence, non maleficence, respect for patient autonomy, and justice
what do they mean

Answer 19

beneficence - do good for the patient
non maleficence - do no harm
autonomy - respect patient decisions
justice - treat all patients equal and fair

Question 20

difference between race and ethnicity

Answer 20

race - share physical characteristics

ethnicity - same social construct

Question 21

define demographics

what can change it

Answer 21

characteristics of a populations - gender, race, sexual orientation etc
migration

Question 22

define crude birth rate

Answer 22

rate of the annual number of live births per thousand people

Question 23

define fertility

Answer 23

number of offspring per couple or individual or population

Question 24

define fecundity

Answer 24

potential reproductive capacity of a single femal

Question 25

define crude death rate

Answer 25

annual number of deaths per thousand people or mortality which is the death rate in a population

Question 26

define general fertility rate

Answer 26

annual number of live births per 1000 women of child bearing age

Question 27

define replacement level fertility

Answer 27

number of children a couple must have in order to replace the number of people dying in a population

Question 28

define migration rate

Answer 28

immigration rate minus the emigration rate

Question 29

the demographic transition model is a 5 stage model explaining population changes as nations become industrialized , describe the stages

Answer 29

1: high birth rate and high death rate , population stable 2: improved health death rate decreases so population rises 3: death rates continue to decline and birth rate begins to decline population still grows 4: population remains large but stable because both death and birth rates are low 5: world population forced to stabilize due to low resources (malthusian theorem)

Question 30

activity theory

Answer 30

examines ways older generation people look at themselves | in a healthy society agin adults will remain active and maintain social interaction

Question 31

disengagement theory

Answer 31

older adults and society separate ie people become more self absorbed

Question 32

continuity theory

Answer 32

people try to maintain same basic structure throughout their lives as they age

Question 33

define social movement

Answer 33

groups of people geared at accomplishing a goal

Question 34

define urbanization

Answer 34

movement of people from rural into cities

Question 35

define globalization

Answer 35

integration and connection of many different worldly areas as telecommunications grow more advanced

Question 36

define structural inequality

Answer 36

when certain demographic groups are treated differently by the law

Question 37

discrimination vs prejudice

Answer 37

discrimination groups are treated differently prejudice is holding negative attitude to a group

Question 38

define spatial inequality

Answer 38

certain populations having unequal access to resources

Question 39

define global inequality

Answer 39

people living in different nations have unequal access to resources

Question 40

define environmental justice

Answer 40

unequal relief from health and environment hazards

Question 41

define residential segregation

Answer 41

different demographic groups live in different neighbourhoods and can lead to differential access to resources

Question 42

how are caste systems different from class systems

Answer 42

in caste its very difficult to change your class, social position is inherited and movement or marriage between classes is prohibited

Question 43

define incidence of disease

Answer 43

number of NEW cases of that disease per population at risk in a given period of time

Question 44

define prevalence of disease

Answer 44

number of cases of that disease per population in a given period of time

Question 45

define morbidity of disease

Answer 45

degree of illness associated with that disease

Question 46

define mortality of disease

Answer 46

deaths caused by the disease