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Anatomy and Physiology > Lesson 6 > Flashcards

Lesson 6 Flashcards

1
Q

motor unit

A

a motor nerve plus all the muscle fibers it stimulates

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2
Q

isotonic

A

muscle contracts and shortens

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3
Q

insertion

A

part of a muscle that is attached to a movable part

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4
Q

intramuscular

A

into the muscle

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5
Q

irritability

A

ability to react to a stimulus, excitability

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6
Q

isometric

A

muscle tension increases, but muscle does not shorten

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7
Q

belly

A

the central part of a muscle

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8
Q

biceps

A

muscle on front part of upper arm

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9
Q

blepharospasm

A

involuntary muscle contraction of the eyelid, causing blinking

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10
Q

contractility

A

the capacity of a muscle to shorten in response to a stimulus

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11
Q

dilator muscle

A

a muscle that opens or closes an orifice

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12
Q

elasticity

A

capable of returning to original form after being compressed or stretched

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13
Q

excitability

A

ability to respond to stimuli

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14
Q

fibromyalgia

A

chronic muscle pain

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15
Q

heel spur

A

a calcium deposit in the plantar fascia, near its attachment to the calcaneus bone

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16
Q

hernia

A

protrusion of part of an organ through abnormal opening

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17
Q

acetylcholine

A

chemical released when a nerve impulse is transmitted

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18
Q

antagonist

A

a muscle whose action opposes the action of another muscle

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19
Q

triceps

A

three headed muscle on the back of the upper arm

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20
Q

muscle fatigue

A

caused by an accumulation of lactic acid in the muscle

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21
Q

muscle spasm

A

sustained muscle contraction

22
Q

muscle strain

A

over tearing or stretching of the muscle

23
Q

muscle tone

A

muscles always in a state of partial contraction

24
Q

muscular dystrophy

A

muscle disease in which the muscle cells deteriorate

25
Q

myalgia

A

muscular pain

26
Q

origin

A

part of the skeletal muscle that is attached to the fixed part of the bone

27
Q

plantar fasciitis

A

inflammation of the plantar fascia on the sole of the foot

28
Q

prime mover

A

muscle that provides movement in a single direction

29
Q

rehabilitation

A

the process of restoring function through therapeutic exercise

30
Q

remission

A

a long term disappearance of symptoms of a disease

31
Q

sarcolemma

A

muscle cell membrane

32
Q

sarcoplasm

A

the hyaline or finely granular interfibrillar material of muscle tissue

33
Q

shin splints

A

injury to the muscle tendons in front of the skin

34
Q

smooth muscle

A

non striated, involuntary muscle

35
Q

sphincter muscle

A

circular muscle such as the anus

36
Q

strain

A

tear in a muscle

37
Q

strength

A

capacity to do work

38
Q

synergists

A

muscles that help steady a joint

39
Q

tennis elbow

A

inflammation of the tendon that connects the arm muscles to the elbow

40
Q

action potential

A

the electric exchange occurring across the membrane of a nerve or muscle cell during transmission of a nerve impulse

41
Q

all or none law

A

law that states a muscle cell, when stimulated, contracts all the way or not at all

42
Q

dystonia

A

characterized by involuntary muscle contractions tat cause repetitive movements or abnormal posture

43
Q

extensibility

A

the ability to lengthen (stretch) and hence increase the distance between two parts

44
Q

myasthenia gravis

A

disease in which there is abnormal weakness and eventual paralysis of muscles

45
Q

neuromuscular junction

A

point between the motor nerve axon and the muscle cell membrane

46
Q

physiotherapy

A

treatment of disease and injury by physical means using light, heat, cold, water, electricity, massage, and exercise

47
Q

rotator cuff injury

A

an inflammation of a group of tendons that fuse together and surround a shoulder joint

48
Q

tetanus

A

infectious disease, usually fatal, characterized by spasm of voluntary muscles and convulsions caused by a toxin from tetanus bacillus

49
Q

torticollis

A

a contracted state of the neck muscles that produces an unnatural position of the head; also called wryneck

50
Q

vastus lateralis

A

muscle found on anterior of thigh, used as an injection site for intramuscular injections

51
Q

dilator muscles

A

a muscle that opens or closes an orifice

52
Q

action potentials

A

the electric change occurring across the membrane of a nerve or muscle cell during transmission of a nerve impulse

Anatomy and Physiology (19 decks)

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