Lesson 4 Flashcards
abrasion
an injury in which superficial layers of skin are scraped or rubbed away
acne vulgaris
chronic disorder of sebaceous glands
alopecia
loss of hair, baldness
athlete’s foot
fungal infection of the foot
avascular
without blood vessels
basal cell carcinoma
most common and least malignant type of skin cancer
boil
bacterial infection of sebaceous gland
cortex
outer part of an internal organ
cyanosis
bluish color of the skin due to insufficient oxygen in the blood
decubitis ulcer
deterioration of the skin due to constant pressure on the area
dermatitis
inflammation of the skin
dermis
true skin; lying immediately below the epidermis
eczema
acute or chronic non contagious inflammation of the skin
epidermis
outer most layer of the skin
erythema
redness of the skin due to dilation of the capillary network
eschar
blackened skin that is usually due to third degree burns
fissure
a groove or crack like break in the skin
genital herpes
a sexually transmitted recurrent disease caused by a virus
hair follicle
inpocketing of the epidermis that holds the hair root
herpes
contagious viral infection in which small blisters appear
hyperthermia
a condition in which the body temperature rises above normal
hypothermia
a condition in which the body temperature drops below normal
impetigo
acute and contagious skin disease
integumentary system
all organs and structures that make up the skin
jaunduce
yellowish coloring of the skin
laceration
a tear or jagged wound in the skin
lice
parasitic insects found in the hair; highly contagious
medulla
inner portion of an organ
melanin
pigment that gives color to hair, skin, and eyes
melanocytes
cells that make the protein melanin to protect against ultraviolet rays
psoriasis
chronic inflammatory skin disease with silvery patches
ringworm
contagious fungal infection with red circular patches
sebaceous gland
gland that secretes sebum, a fatty material
sebum
secretion of sebaceous glands that lubricate the skin
shingles (herpes zoster)
virus infection of the nerve endings
skin cancer
a tumor that develops on the skin
squamous cell carcinoma
cancer of the epidermis
stratum corneum
the surface layer of the skin
stratum germinativum
the deepest epidermal layer of the skin
sweat gland
sudoriferous gland that produces sweat or perspiration
arrector pili muscle
a smooth muscle on the side of each hair follicle; when cold it stimulates the skin to pucker around the hair
first degree (superficial) burn
burn that affects only the epidermis layer
keratin
chemical belonging to albuminoid or scleroprotein group found in horny tissue, hair, and nails
malignant melanoma
a type of tumor that develops in the pigmented cells of the skin; called melanocytes
moles
benign growths that occur when melanocytes grow in a cluster with tissue surrounding them
papillae
ridges formed in the lower edge of the stratum germinativum, they raise the skin into permanent ridges that form fingerprints
root
the part of the tooth that is embedded into the alveolar process of the jaw; the part of a hair that is implanted into the skin
rosacea
a common inflammatory disorder characterized by chronic redness and irritation to the face
rule of nines
pertains to patients with burns; measurement of the percentage of body burned: the body is divided into 11 areas, with each area accounting for 9 % of the body’s total surface area
second degree (partial thickness) burn
affects the epidermis and dermis layers
shaft
the part of the hair that extends from the skins surface; the diaphysis of a long bone
stratum granulosum
the epidermal layer where keratinization process occurs when keratin cells change shape, lose their nucleus, lose most of their water, and become mainly hard protein or keratin
stratum lucidum
the epidermal only found in the palms of hands or soles of feet; the cells in this layer appear clear
stratum spinosum
the epidermal layer that under a microscope looks prickly; this layer contains melanocytes, keratinocytes, and Langerhans cells
third degree (full thickness) burn
burn that involves complete destruction of the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous layers of the skin
uticaria (hives)
skin condition characterized by itching wheals or welts and usually caused by an allergic reaction
sweat glands
suderiferous gland that produces sweat or perspiration
sebaceous glands
gland that secretes sebum, a fatty material
