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Anatomy and Physiology > Lesson 5 > Flashcards

Lesson 5 Flashcards

1
Q

lumbar vertebrae

A

five vertebrae associated with the lower part of the back

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2
Q

mandible

A

lower jawbone

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3
Q

manubrium

A

forms the upper region of the sternum

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4
Q

ilium

A

the broad, blade shaped bone that forms the back and side of the hip bone

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5
Q

inferior concha

A

bones that make up the side walls of the nasal cavity

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6
Q

ischium

A

forms the lower posterior portion of the hip bone; bears the weight of the body when sitting

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7
Q

joint

A

place where two bones meet

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8
Q

kyphosis

A

hunchback; humped curvature of the spinal column

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9
Q

lacrimals

A

pertaining to tears

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10
Q

lordosis

A

forward curvature of lumbar region of spine

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11
Q

hammertoe

A

a toe that is curled due to bend in the middle joint of the toe

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12
Q

hematopoiesis

A

formation of blood cells

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13
Q

hinge joint

A

a joint that moves in one direction or plane

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14
Q

humerus

A

the bone of the upper arm

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15
Q

hyoid

A

a U-shaped bone found in the neck to which the tongue is attached

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16
Q

synarthroses

A

immovable joints connected by fibrous connective tissue

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17
Q

synovial fluid

A

a lubricating substance produced by the synovial membrane

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18
Q

talus

A

anklebone that articulates with the bones of the leg

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19
Q

tarsal

A

anklebone

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20
Q

temporals

A

side of the head

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21
Q

thoracic vertebrae

A

the 12 bones of the spine located in the chest area

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22
Q

tibia

A

larger inner bone of the leg below the knee; shin bone

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23
Q

ulna

A

bone on inner forearm

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24
Q

vomer

A

flat thin bone that forms part of the nasal septum

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25
Q

whiplash injury

A

trauma to cervical vertebrae

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26
Q

xiphoid process

A

structure made of cartilage that forms the lower portion of the sternum

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27
Q

zygomatic

A

bone that forms the prominence of the cheek

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28
Q

clavicles

A

collarbone

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29
Q

cervical vertebrae

A

first seven bones of the spinal column

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30
Q

circumduction

A

circular movement of a joint

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31
Q

coccyx

A

tailbone

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32
Q

compact bone

A

hard bone

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33
Q

diaphysis

A

shaft of a long bone

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34
Q

diarthrosis

A

movable joint (elbow, knee)

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35
Q

dislocation

A

displacement of one or more bones of a joint or organ from the original position

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36
Q

endosteum

A

lining of the medullary cavity in the long bone

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37
Q

epiphysis

A

the end of a long bone

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38
Q

ethmoid

A

bone of the cranium located between the eyes

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39
Q

extension

A

act of increasing the angle between two bones

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40
Q

femur

A

longest and strongest bone in the body; thigh bone

41
Q

fibula

A

slender bone at outer edge of the lower leg

42
Q

flexion

A

the act of bending a limb or decreasing an angle between two bones

43
Q

fontanel

A

unossified areas in an infant skull; soft spot

44
Q

fracture

A

a break in the bone

45
Q

frontal

A

bone of the skull that forms the forehead

46
Q

abduction

A

movement away from the midline or axis of the body; opposite of adduction

47
Q

amphiarthrosis

A

partially movable joint

48
Q

arthritis

A

inflammtion of a joint

49
Q

articular cartliage

A

thin layer of cartilage over the ends of long bones

50
Q

atlas

A

first cervical vertebrae; articulates with the axis and occipital skull bone

51
Q

axial skeleton

A

skeleton of head and trunk

52
Q

axis

A

second cervical vertebrae

53
Q

ball and socket joint

A

diarthrosis joint that allows the greatest freedom of movement

54
Q

bursitis

A

inflammation of a bursa

55
Q

calcaneus

A

heel bone

56
Q

carpals

A

bones of the wrist

57
Q

maxillae

A

bone of the upper jaw

58
Q

medullary canal

A

center of the shaft of a long bone

59
Q

metacarpal

A

bone of the wrist

60
Q

nasal

A

bone that forms the bridge of the nose

61
Q

occipital

A

bone that forms the base of the skull and contains the foramen magnum

62
Q

ossification

A

process of bone formation

63
Q

osteoarthritis

A

degenerative joint disease

64
Q

osteoblast

A

cells involved in formation of bony tissue

65
Q

osteoclast

A

cells involved in resorption of bony tissue

66
Q

osteomyelitis

A

inflammation of the bone

67
Q

osteosarcoma

A

bone cancer

68
Q

palatines

A

tonsils located on the side of the soft palate

69
Q

parietals

A

two bones that form the roof and sides of the skull

70
Q

patella

A

kneecap

71
Q

periosteum

A

fibrous tissue covering the bone

72
Q

pelvis

A

any basin shaped structure or cavity

73
Q

phalanges

A

bones of the fingers and toes

74
Q

pivot joint

A

joint in which an extension of one bone rotates in a second arch shaped bone

75
Q

pronation

A

turning the palm of the hand downward

76
Q

pubis

A

pubic bone; portion of the hip bone forming the front of the pelvis

77
Q

radius

A

bone on the thumb side of the forearm

78
Q

rickets

A

disease in which bones soften due to lack of vitamin D

79
Q

rotation

A

type of movement in which a bone moves around a central axis

80
Q

sacrum

A

wedge shaped bone below the lumbar vertebra at the end of the spinal column

81
Q

scapulae

A

large, flat, triangular bone that forms the back of the shoulder

82
Q

scoliosis

A

lateral curvature of the spine

83
Q

sphenoid

A

the key bone of the skull

84
Q

spongy bone

A

the result of hard bone when it is broken down

85
Q

supination

A

turning palm of hand upward

86
Q

acetabulum

A

area where the three bones of the hip unite to form a deep socket into which the head of the femur fits to form the hip joint

87
Q

adduction

A

movement of part of the body or a limb toward the midline of the body; opposite of abduction

88
Q

appendicular skeleton

A

part of the skeleton consisting of pectoral and pelvic girdles, and limbs

89
Q

bursae

A

closed sacs within a synovial membrane lining, found in the spaces of connective tissue between muscles, tendons, ligaments, and bones

90
Q

flatfeet

A

weakening of the leg muscles that support the arch of the foot; also called talipes

91
Q

gliding joint

A

joint in which the nearly flat surfaces of the bones glide across each other

92
Q

gout

A

increase in uric acid crystals in the blood stream, which are deposited in joint cavities, especially the great toe

93
Q

metarsal

A

bone of the foot similar to the metacarpal; five metatarsals form the arch of the foot

94
Q

obturator foramen

A

large opening between the pubic bone and the ischium that allows for the passage of blood vessels, nerves, and tendons

95
Q

osteoporosis

A

loss of calcium in the bone, causing brittleness; occurs mainly in females after menopause

96
Q

rheumatoid arthritis

A

chronic inflammatory disease that affects connective tissue and joints

97
Q

sternum

A

flat, narrow bone in the median line in front of the chest; it is composed of three parts: manubrium, body, and xiphoid process

98
Q

zygotmatics

A

bone that forms the prominence of the cheek

99
Q

sprain

A

wrenching of a joint that produces a stretching or laceration of ligaments

Anatomy and Physiology (19 decks)

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