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Anatomy and Physiology > Lesson 5 > Flashcards

Lesson 5 Flashcards

1
Q

lumbar vertebrae

A

five vertebrae associated with the lower part of the back

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2
Q

mandible

A

lower jawbone

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3
Q

manubrium

A

forms the upper region of the sternum

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4
Q

ilium

A

the broad, blade shaped bone that forms the back and side of the hip bone

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5
Q

inferior concha

A

bones that make up the side walls of the nasal cavity

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6
Q

ischium

A

forms the lower posterior portion of the hip bone; bears the weight of the body when sitting

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7
Q

joint

A

place where two bones meet

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8
Q

kyphosis

A

hunchback; humped curvature of the spinal column

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9
Q

lacrimals

A

pertaining to tears

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10
Q

lordosis

A

forward curvature of lumbar region of spine

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11
Q

hammertoe

A

a toe that is curled due to bend in the middle joint of the toe

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12
Q

hematopoiesis

A

formation of blood cells

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13
Q

hinge joint

A

a joint that moves in one direction or plane

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14
Q

humerus

A

the bone of the upper arm

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15
Q

hyoid

A

a U-shaped bone found in the neck to which the tongue is attached

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16
Q

synarthroses

A

immovable joints connected by fibrous connective tissue

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17
Q

synovial fluid

A

a lubricating substance produced by the synovial membrane

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18
Q

talus

A

anklebone that articulates with the bones of the leg

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19
Q

tarsal

A

anklebone

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20
Q

temporals

A

side of the head

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21
Q

thoracic vertebrae

A

the 12 bones of the spine located in the chest area

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22
Q

tibia

A

larger inner bone of the leg below the knee; shin bone

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23
Q

ulna

A

bone on inner forearm

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24
Q

vomer

A

flat thin bone that forms part of the nasal septum

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25
whiplash injury
trauma to cervical vertebrae
26
xiphoid process
structure made of cartilage that forms the lower portion of the sternum
27
zygomatic
bone that forms the prominence of the cheek
28
clavicles
collarbone
29
cervical vertebrae
first seven bones of the spinal column
30
circumduction
circular movement of a joint
31
coccyx
tailbone
32
compact bone
hard bone
33
diaphysis
shaft of a long bone
34
diarthrosis
movable joint (elbow, knee)
35
dislocation
displacement of one or more bones of a joint or organ from the original position
36
endosteum
lining of the medullary cavity in the long bone
37
epiphysis
the end of a long bone
38
ethmoid
bone of the cranium located between the eyes
39
extension
act of increasing the angle between two bones
40
femur
longest and strongest bone in the body; thigh bone
41
fibula
slender bone at outer edge of the lower leg
42
flexion
the act of bending a limb or decreasing an angle between two bones
43
fontanel
unossified areas in an infant skull; soft spot
44
fracture
a break in the bone
45
frontal
bone of the skull that forms the forehead
46
abduction
movement away from the midline or axis of the body; opposite of adduction
47
amphiarthrosis
partially movable joint
48
arthritis
inflammtion of a joint
49
articular cartliage
thin layer of cartilage over the ends of long bones
50
atlas
first cervical vertebrae; articulates with the axis and occipital skull bone
51
axial skeleton
skeleton of head and trunk
52
axis
second cervical vertebrae
53
ball and socket joint
diarthrosis joint that allows the greatest freedom of movement
54
bursitis
inflammation of a bursa
55
calcaneus
heel bone
56
carpals
bones of the wrist
57
maxillae
bone of the upper jaw
58
medullary canal
center of the shaft of a long bone
59
metacarpal
bone of the wrist
60
nasal
bone that forms the bridge of the nose
61
occipital
bone that forms the base of the skull and contains the foramen magnum
62
ossification
process of bone formation
63
osteoarthritis
degenerative joint disease
64
osteoblast
cells involved in formation of bony tissue
65
osteoclast
cells involved in resorption of bony tissue
66
osteomyelitis
inflammation of the bone
67
osteosarcoma
bone cancer
68
palatines
tonsils located on the side of the soft palate
69
parietals
two bones that form the roof and sides of the skull
70
patella
kneecap
71
periosteum
fibrous tissue covering the bone
72
pelvis
any basin shaped structure or cavity
73
phalanges
bones of the fingers and toes
74
pivot joint
joint in which an extension of one bone rotates in a second arch shaped bone
75
pronation
turning the palm of the hand downward
76
pubis
pubic bone; portion of the hip bone forming the front of the pelvis
77
radius
bone on the thumb side of the forearm
78
rickets
disease in which bones soften due to lack of vitamin D
79
rotation
type of movement in which a bone moves around a central axis
80
sacrum
wedge shaped bone below the lumbar vertebra at the end of the spinal column
81
scapulae
large, flat, triangular bone that forms the back of the shoulder
82
scoliosis
lateral curvature of the spine
83
sphenoid
the key bone of the skull
84
spongy bone
the result of hard bone when it is broken down
85
supination
turning palm of hand upward
86
acetabulum
area where the three bones of the hip unite to form a deep socket into which the head of the femur fits to form the hip joint
87
adduction
movement of part of the body or a limb toward the midline of the body; opposite of abduction
88
appendicular skeleton
part of the skeleton consisting of pectoral and pelvic girdles, and limbs
89
bursae
closed sacs within a synovial membrane lining, found in the spaces of connective tissue between muscles, tendons, ligaments, and bones
90
flatfeet
weakening of the leg muscles that support the arch of the foot; also called talipes
91
gliding joint
joint in which the nearly flat surfaces of the bones glide across each other
92
gout
increase in uric acid crystals in the blood stream, which are deposited in joint cavities, especially the great toe
93
metarsal
bone of the foot similar to the metacarpal; five metatarsals form the arch of the foot
94
obturator foramen
large opening between the pubic bone and the ischium that allows for the passage of blood vessels, nerves, and tendons
95
osteoporosis
loss of calcium in the bone, causing brittleness; occurs mainly in females after menopause
96
rheumatoid arthritis
chronic inflammatory disease that affects connective tissue and joints
97
sternum
flat, narrow bone in the median line in front of the chest; it is composed of three parts: manubrium, body, and xiphoid process
98
zygotmatics
bone that forms the prominence of the cheek
99
sprain
wrenching of a joint that produces a stretching or laceration of ligaments

Anatomy and Physiology (19 decks)

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