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Anatomy and Physiology > Lesson 14 > Flashcards

Lesson 14 Flashcards

1
Q

tachypnea

A

abnormally rapid rate of breathing

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2
Q

thoracentesis

A

aspiration of the chest cavity for removal of fluid, usually for epyema

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3
Q

tidal volume

A

amount of air that moves in and out of lungs with each breath

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4
Q

trachea

A

a thin walled tube between the larynx and the bronchi; conducts air to the lungs

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5
Q

ventilation

A

another term for moving air in and out of lungs; breathing

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6
Q

wheezing

A

sound produced by a rush of air through a narrowed passageway

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7
Q

pharyngitis

A

red inflamed throat causes by bacteria or a virus

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8
Q

pharynx

A

throat

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9
Q

pleural fluid

A

serous fluid necessary to prevent friction between the pleural membranes

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10
Q

pleurisy

A

inflammation of pleura

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11
Q

pneumonia

A

infection of the lung

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12
Q

pneumothorax

A

a build up of air within the pleural cavity on one side of the chest

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13
Q

pulmonary embolism

A

a blood clot that travels to the lungs

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14
Q

rales

A

raspy-sounding breathing

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15
Q

residual volume

A

the amount of air that cannot be voluntarily expelled by the lungs

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16
Q

sinusitis

A

an infection of the mucous membrane that lines the sinus cavity

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17
Q

surfactant

A

lipid material covering the inner surface of the alveoli

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18
Q

alveolar sacs

A

air cells found in the lungs; known as alveoli

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19
Q

apnea

A

temporary stopping of breathing movements

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20
Q

asbestosis

A

a respiratory disease caused by breathing in asbestos fibers

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21
Q

atelectasis

A

condition i which the lungs fail to expand normally

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22
Q

bronchioles

A

one of the small subdivisions of a bronchus

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23
Q

bronchitis

A

inflammation of the bronchiole tubes

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24
Q

bronchus

A

one of two primary beaches of the trachea

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25
Q

eupnea

A

normal easy breathing with the usual quiet inhalations and exhalations

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26
Q

expiration

A

the act of breathing out or expelling air from the lungs

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27
Q

external respiration

A

act of inspiration and expiration; breathing

28
Q

glottis

A

space within the vocal cords of the larynx

29
Q

Hering-Breuer reflex

A

a reflex that prevents overstretching of the lungs

30
Q

hiccups

A

spasm of the diaphragm and spasmodic closures of the glottis

31
Q

inspiration

A

drawing in of air, inhalation

32
Q

laryngitis

A

inflammation of the larynx or voice box

33
Q

larynx

A

voice box; found between the trachea and base of the tongue; contains vocal cords

34
Q

nasal septum

A

partition between the two nasal cavities

35
Q

orthopnea

A

difficult or labored breathing

36
Q

anthrax

A

a disease casing organism that has three forms: cutaneous, intestinal, and inhaled, the last of which is the most deadly form

37
Q

asthma

A

condition in which the airways are obstructed as a result of an inflammatory reaction to a stimulus

38
Q

bronchoscopy

A

lighted tubular instrument used to inspect the interior of the bronchial tubes

39
Q

cellular respiration

A

use of oxygen to release energy from a cell

40
Q

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

A

chronic lung condition such as emphysema or bronchitis

41
Q

diptheria

A

infectious disease of the respiratory system rarely seen because of the DTaP vaccine

42
Q

emphysema

A

lung disorder in which the alveoli of the lung become overdilated, lose their elasticity and cannot rebound, inspired air becomes trapped and it is difficult to expire

43
Q

epiglottis

A

structure made of elastic cartilage that prevents food from entering the trachea

44
Q

epistaxis

A

a bloody nose usually due to the rupture of small vessels overlying the anterior portion of the nasal system

45
Q

expiratory reserve volume (ERV)

A

amount of air a person can exhale over and above tidal volume

46
Q

functional residual capacity

A

in lung capacity, refers to the sum of the expiratory reserve volume plus the residual volume

47
Q

hyperpnea

A

increase in the depth and rate of breathing accompanied by abnormal exaggerated respiratory movements

48
Q

hyperventilation

A

rapid breathing and rapid loss of carbon dioxide, sometimes called diziness or fainting

49
Q

influenza

A

viral infection causing inflammation of the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract

50
Q

inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)

A

amount of air you can force a person to take in over and above tidal volume

51
Q

internal respiration

A

the exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen between the cells and the lymph surrounding them, plus the oxidative process of the energy in the cells

52
Q

mediastinum

A

intrapleural space separating the sternum in front and the vertebral column behind

53
Q

olfactory nerves

A

nerves that supply the nasal mucosa, responsible for the sense of smell

54
Q

pertussis

A

highly contagious disease caused by bacterium Bordatella pertussis, causes cough with a whooping sound; also known as whooping cough

55
Q

pleura

A

serous membrane protecting the lungs and lining the internal surface of the thoracic cavity; also called pleural membrane

56
Q

respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

A

a very common and contagious virus that leads to mil cold like symptoms

57
Q

severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)

A

an infectious viral disease of the respiratory tract

58
Q

silicosis

A

lung condition caused by breathing dust containing silicon dioxide; lungs become fibrotic

59
Q

sinuses

A

cavities of the skull filled with air in and around the nasal region; they help lighten the bones of the skull and gives tone to the voice

60
Q

spirometer

A

a device that measures the volume and flow of air during inspiration and expiration

61
Q

sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)

A

death of an infant due to a stoppage of breathing while the infant sleeps

62
Q

total lung capacity

A

measurement that includes tidal volume, inspiratory reserve, expiratory reserve, and residual air

63
Q

tuberculosis

A

infectious disease caused by the tubercle bacillus; mainly affects the lungs

64
Q

turbinates

A

shaped like a spiral; the three bones situated on the lateral side of the nasal cavity

65
Q

vital lung capacity

A

total amount of air involved with tidal volume, inspiratory reserve volume, and expiratory reserve volume

Anatomy and Physiology (19 decks)

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