Lesson 1 Flashcards
histology
microscopic study of living tissues
hypogastric
lower region of the abdominal area
inferior
below another or lower
lateral
toward the side
medial
directional term, toward midline of body
oral cavity
encloses the teeth and tongue
superficial
on or near the surface of the body
umbilicus
navel
anatomy
the study of the structure of an organism
anterior
front or ventral
biology
the study of all forms of life
caudal
refers to direction, near the tail end of body
cephalic
directional term used to mean toward the head
cytology
study of cells
dorsal
pertaining to the back
external
superficial; at or near the surface of the skin
abdominal cavity
area of the body that contains the stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, small intestine, appendix, and part of the large intestine
abdominopelvic cavity
area below the diaphragm, with no separation between the abdomen and pelvis
anabolism
building up of complex materials in metabolism
anatomical position
body standing erect, face forward, arms at side, and palms forward
buccal cavity
mouth cavity bounded by the inner surface of the cheek
catabolism
the breaking down and changing of complex materials with the release of energy; a process in metabolism
cell
basic unit of structure and function of all living things
coronal (frontal) plane
frontal plane at a right angle to the sagittal plane; divides the body into anterior and posterior segments
cranial cavity
area of the body containing the brain
deep
directional term used to describe an internal organ within the body such as the stomach
dermatology
study of the physiology and pathology of the skin
disease
any abnormal changes in the structure or function of an organism that produces symptoms
distal
farthest from the point of origin of a structure; opposite of proximal
dorsal cavity
posterior cavity of the body that houses the brain and spinal column
embryology
study of the formation of an organism from fertilized egg to birth
endocrinology
study of the physiology and pathology of the hormonal system
epigastric
upper region of the abdominal cavity located just below the sternum
homeostasis
state of balance; the ability of a healthy body to regulate the internal environment within narrow limits
internal
term used to refer to body cavities and hollow organs; same as deep
life functions
a series of highly organized and related activities that allow living organisms to live grow and maintain themselves
metabolism
the functional activities of cells that result in growth, repair, and release of the energy by the cells
metric system
a decimal system based on the power of 10; the medical community uses this system to determine length, weight, and volume
midsagittal plane
an imaginary line dividing the body into equal right and left halves
nasal cavity
one of the pair of cavities between the anterior nares and the nasopahrynx
neurology
study of the physiology and pathology of the nervous system
orbital cavity
contains the eye and it’s external structures
organ system
organs that are grouped together because more than one is needed to perform a function
organs
groups of tissues organized according to structure and function
pelvic cavity
area of the body containing the urinary bladder, reproductive organs, rectum, remainder of the large intestine, and appendix
physiology
study of the functions of living organisms and their parts
planes
imaginary, anatomical dividing lines useful in separating body structures
posterior
located behind or at the back; opposite of anterior
proximal
located nearest the center of the body; point of attachment of a structure
quadrants
a term used in reference to the abdominal area by dividing it into four areas or quadrants
sagittal plane
directional term that divides the body into left and right parts
section
a cut made through the body in direction of a certain plane
spinal cavity
area of the body containing the spinal cord
superior
in anatomy, higher; denoting upper of two parts, vertex
thoracic cavity
area of the body divided into two cavities: the left pleural cavity contains the left lung and the right pleural cavity contains the right lung
tissues
cells grouped according to size, shape, and function; epithelial, connective, muscle, and nerve tissues are examples
transverse
crosswise; at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the body
umbilical
area located around the navel; the right and left lumbar region
ventral
front or anterior; opposite of posterior or dorsal
