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Anatomy and Physiology > Lesson 10 > Flashcards

Lesson 10 Flashcards

1
Q

universal recipient

A

individual belonging to the AB blood group

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2
Q

erythrocytes

A

red blood cell

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3
Q

leukocytes

A

white blood cell

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4
Q

granulocytes

A

granual white blood cells

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5
Q

lymphocytes

A

type of white blood cell

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6
Q

T lymphocytes

A

cell synthesized in the thymus gland

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7
Q

abscess

A

pus-filled cavity

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8
Q

agranulocyte

A

nongranular, white blood cell; known as agranular leukocyte

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9
Q

albumin

A

plasma protein, maintains osmotic pressure

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10
Q

anemia

A

blood disorder characterized by reduction in red blood cells or hemoglobin

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11
Q

anticoagulant

A

chemical substance that prevents or slows blood clotting; heparin

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12
Q

antigen

A

substance stimulation formation of antibodies against itself

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13
Q

antithromboplastin

A

chemical substance that inhibits the clot accelerating effect of thromboplastins

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14
Q

aplastic anemia

A

anemia caused by a supression of the bone marrow

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15
Q

basophil

A

leukocyte cell that is activated during an allergic reaction or inflammation; produces histamine and heparin

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16
Q

B lymphocyte

A

white blood cells synthesized in the bone marrow; help form antibodies

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17
Q

clotting time

A

the time it takes for blood to clot

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18
Q

coagulation

A

process of blood clotting

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19
Q

polycythemia

A

too many red blood cells

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20
Q

prothrombin

A

a globulin that helps blood coagulate

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21
Q

prothrombin time (PT)

A

blood test done to determine clotting time of blood

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22
Q

pyrexia

A

fever

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23
Q

Rh factor

A

antigen found in red blood cells

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24
Q

septicemia

A

presence of pathogenic organisms in the blood

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25
Q

stem cells

A

primal cells common to all multicellular organisms

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26
Q

thrombocyte

A

platelet; part of the megakaryocyte cells necessary for blood clotting

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27
Q

thrombocytopenia

A

decrease in the number of platelets

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28
Q

thromboplastin

A

substance secreted by platelets when tissue is injured; necessary for blood clotting

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29
Q

thrombosis

A

formation of a clot in a blood vessel

30
Q

thrombus

A

blood clot formed in a blood vessel

31
Q

fibrin

A

an insoluble protein necessary for the clotting of blood

32
Q

fibrinogen

A

a protein that is converted into fibrin by the action of thrombin

33
Q

gamma globulin

A

fracionated part of the globulin used to treat infectious diseases

34
Q

globulin

A

plasma protein made in the liver; helps in synthesis of antibodies

35
Q

granulocyte

A

granular white blood cell

36
Q

hemoglobin

A

oxygen carrying pigment of the blood

37
Q

hemolysis

A

the bursting of red blood cells

38
Q

hemostasis

A

process of controlling or stopping bleeding

39
Q

heparin

A

substance obtained from the liver that slows blood clotting

40
Q

iron-deficiency anemia

A

condition that results from lack of adequate amounts of iron in the diet

41
Q

leukemia

A

a cancerous condition in which there is a great increase in the number of white blood cells

42
Q

leukopenia

A

a decrease in the normal number of white blood cells

43
Q

monocyte

A

large, mononuclear leukocyte with deeply indented nucleus

44
Q

multiple myeloma

A

malignant neoplasm of plasma cells of B lymphocytes

45
Q

myeloblasts

A

cells that synthesize granulocytes in bone marrow

46
Q

neutrophil

A

many lobed white blood cell that phagocytizes bacteria ; sometimes called polys

47
Q

oxyhemoglobin

A

hemoglobin combined with oxygen

48
Q

partial thromboplastin test (PTT)

A

blood test to determine clotting time of blood

49
Q

pathogenic

A

disease causing

50
Q

plasma

A

liquid part of blood that contains corpuscles

51
Q

Cooley’s anemia

A

anemia caused by defect in hemoglobin formation; also known as thalassemia major

52
Q

diapedesis

A

passage of blood cells through unruptured vessel wall into tissues

53
Q

embolism

A

obstruction of a blood vessel by a circulation blood clot, fat globule, air bubble, or piece of tissue

54
Q

erythroblastosis fetalis

A

hemolytic disease of a newborn

55
Q

erythrocyte

A

red blood cell

56
Q

erythropoiesis

A

formation or development of red blood cells

57
Q

erythropoietin

A

hormone produced by the kidney to accelerate the production of red blood cells

58
Q

antibody

A

substance produced by the body that inactivates a specific foreign substance that has entered the body; formed as a reaction to an antigen

59
Q

antiprothrombin

A

chemical substance, such as heparin, that directly or indirectly reduces or retards the action of prothrombin

60
Q

carbon monoxide poisoning

A

a condition in which an odorless gas combines rapidly with hemoglobin and crowds out oxygen

61
Q

eosinophil

A

white blood cell that increases in great numbers in allergic conditions; phagocytizes the remains of the antibody-antigen reaction

62
Q

hematocrit

A

blood test that measures the percentage of the volume of whole blood that is made up of red blood cells, which depends on the number and size of the red blood cells

63
Q

hemophilia

A

sex linked, hereditary bleeding disorder occuring mostly in males but transmitted by females; characterized by a prolonged clotting time and abnormal bleeding

64
Q

inflammation

A

occurs when tissue reacts to chemical or physical trauma or invasion of pathogenic microorganisms; characterized by pain, heat, redness, and swelling

65
Q

leukocytosis

A

an increase in the white blood cell count above 10,000 cells per cubic millimeter

66
Q

pernicious anemia

A

caused by decrease of vitamin B 12 or lack of intrinsic factor in the stomach

67
Q

pus

A

product of inflammation, a cream colored liquid that is a combination of dead tissue, dead and living bacteria, dead white blood cells, and blood plasma

68
Q

pyrogen

A

chemical released when there is inflammation; pyrogens circulate to the hypothalamus and affect the temperature control center

69
Q

sedimentation rate

A

a blood test that measures the times it takes red blood cells to settle to the bottom in an upright tube; an elevated rate indicates if there is an inflammatory condition present

70
Q

sickle cell anemia

A

blood disorder; the shape of the red blood cell is a sickle shape, which makes the red blood cells lump together

71
Q

thrombin

A

enzyme found in blood; produced from an inactive precursor, prothrombin, inducing clotting by converting fibrinogen to fibrin

Anatomy and Physiology (19 decks)

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