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Anatomy and Physiology > Lesson 10 > Flashcards

Lesson 10 Flashcards

1
Q

universal recipient

A

individual belonging to the AB blood group

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2
Q

erythrocytes

A

red blood cell

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3
Q

leukocytes

A

white blood cell

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4
Q

granulocytes

A

granual white blood cells

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5
Q

lymphocytes

A

type of white blood cell

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6
Q

T lymphocytes

A

cell synthesized in the thymus gland

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7
Q

abscess

A

pus-filled cavity

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8
Q

agranulocyte

A

nongranular, white blood cell; known as agranular leukocyte

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9
Q

albumin

A

plasma protein, maintains osmotic pressure

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10
Q

anemia

A

blood disorder characterized by reduction in red blood cells or hemoglobin

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11
Q

anticoagulant

A

chemical substance that prevents or slows blood clotting; heparin

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12
Q

antigen

A

substance stimulation formation of antibodies against itself

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13
Q

antithromboplastin

A

chemical substance that inhibits the clot accelerating effect of thromboplastins

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14
Q

aplastic anemia

A

anemia caused by a supression of the bone marrow

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15
Q

basophil

A

leukocyte cell that is activated during an allergic reaction or inflammation; produces histamine and heparin

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16
Q

B lymphocyte

A

white blood cells synthesized in the bone marrow; help form antibodies

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17
Q

clotting time

A

the time it takes for blood to clot

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18
Q

coagulation

A

process of blood clotting

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19
Q

polycythemia

A

too many red blood cells

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20
Q

prothrombin

A

a globulin that helps blood coagulate

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21
Q

prothrombin time (PT)

A

blood test done to determine clotting time of blood

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22
Q

pyrexia

A

fever

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23
Q

Rh factor

A

antigen found in red blood cells

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24
Q

septicemia

A

presence of pathogenic organisms in the blood

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25
stem cells
primal cells common to all multicellular organisms
26
thrombocyte
platelet; part of the megakaryocyte cells necessary for blood clotting
27
thrombocytopenia
decrease in the number of platelets
28
thromboplastin
substance secreted by platelets when tissue is injured; necessary for blood clotting
29
thrombosis
formation of a clot in a blood vessel
30
thrombus
blood clot formed in a blood vessel
31
fibrin
an insoluble protein necessary for the clotting of blood
32
fibrinogen
a protein that is converted into fibrin by the action of thrombin
33
gamma globulin
fracionated part of the globulin used to treat infectious diseases
34
globulin
plasma protein made in the liver; helps in synthesis of antibodies
35
granulocyte
granular white blood cell
36
hemoglobin
oxygen carrying pigment of the blood
37
hemolysis
the bursting of red blood cells
38
hemostasis
process of controlling or stopping bleeding
39
heparin
substance obtained from the liver that slows blood clotting
40
iron-deficiency anemia
condition that results from lack of adequate amounts of iron in the diet
41
leukemia
a cancerous condition in which there is a great increase in the number of white blood cells
42
leukopenia
a decrease in the normal number of white blood cells
43
monocyte
large, mononuclear leukocyte with deeply indented nucleus
44
multiple myeloma
malignant neoplasm of plasma cells of B lymphocytes
45
myeloblasts
cells that synthesize granulocytes in bone marrow
46
neutrophil
many lobed white blood cell that phagocytizes bacteria ; sometimes called polys
47
oxyhemoglobin
hemoglobin combined with oxygen
48
partial thromboplastin test (PTT)
blood test to determine clotting time of blood
49
pathogenic
disease causing
50
plasma
liquid part of blood that contains corpuscles
51
Cooley's anemia
anemia caused by defect in hemoglobin formation; also known as thalassemia major
52
diapedesis
passage of blood cells through unruptured vessel wall into tissues
53
embolism
obstruction of a blood vessel by a circulation blood clot, fat globule, air bubble, or piece of tissue
54
erythroblastosis fetalis
hemolytic disease of a newborn
55
erythrocyte
red blood cell
56
erythropoiesis
formation or development of red blood cells
57
erythropoietin
hormone produced by the kidney to accelerate the production of red blood cells
58
antibody
substance produced by the body that inactivates a specific foreign substance that has entered the body; formed as a reaction to an antigen
59
antiprothrombin
chemical substance, such as heparin, that directly or indirectly reduces or retards the action of prothrombin
60
carbon monoxide poisoning
a condition in which an odorless gas combines rapidly with hemoglobin and crowds out oxygen
61
eosinophil
white blood cell that increases in great numbers in allergic conditions; phagocytizes the remains of the antibody-antigen reaction
62
hematocrit
blood test that measures the percentage of the volume of whole blood that is made up of red blood cells, which depends on the number and size of the red blood cells
63
hemophilia
sex linked, hereditary bleeding disorder occuring mostly in males but transmitted by females; characterized by a prolonged clotting time and abnormal bleeding
64
inflammation
occurs when tissue reacts to chemical or physical trauma or invasion of pathogenic microorganisms; characterized by pain, heat, redness, and swelling
65
leukocytosis
an increase in the white blood cell count above 10,000 cells per cubic millimeter
66
pernicious anemia
caused by decrease of vitamin B 12 or lack of intrinsic factor in the stomach
67
pus
product of inflammation, a cream colored liquid that is a combination of dead tissue, dead and living bacteria, dead white blood cells, and blood plasma
68
pyrogen
chemical released when there is inflammation; pyrogens circulate to the hypothalamus and affect the temperature control center
69
sedimentation rate
a blood test that measures the times it takes red blood cells to settle to the bottom in an upright tube; an elevated rate indicates if there is an inflammatory condition present
70
sickle cell anemia
blood disorder; the shape of the red blood cell is a sickle shape, which makes the red blood cells lump together
71
thrombin
enzyme found in blood; produced from an inactive precursor, prothrombin, inducing clotting by converting fibrinogen to fibrin

Anatomy and Physiology (19 decks)

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