lesson 14 part 1

Question 1

transport the nutrients, electrolytes, and oxygen to cells and carrying waste products away from cells

Answer 1

body fluids

Question 2

fluid losses from the skin and lungs are referred to as

Answer 2

insensible losses

Question 3

fluid losses from urination, defecation, wounds, and other means are referred to as

Answer 3

sensible losses

Question 4

how many does a typical adult loses fluid through defecation

Answer 4

150-200 ml/day

Question 5

primary component of the body

Answer 5

water

Question 6

an adults weights water with how many percent

Answer 6

50% to 60%

Question 7

fluids in the body are found in three basic places:

Answer 7

within the cells / ICF
outside the cells / ECF
within the tissue spaces / interstitial space

Question 8

substances whose molecules dissociate, or split ions, when placed in water

Answer 8

electrolyte

Question 9

electrically charged particles

Answer 9

ions

Question 10

help regulate water distribution, govern acid balance, and transmit nerves impulses

Answer 10

electrolytes

Question 11

positively charged ions

Answer 11

cations

Question 12

negatively charged ions

Answer 12

anions

Question 13

main intracellular fluid cation

Answer 13

potassium

Question 14

leading intracellular fluid cation

Answer 14

magnesium

Question 15

main extracellular fluid cation

Answer 15

sodium

Question 16

a major cation in teeth and bones

Answer 16

calcium

Question 17

found fairly equal concentrations in ICF and ECF

Answer 17

calcium

Question 18

main icf anion

Answer 18

phosphorus

Question 19

main ecf anion

Answer 19

chloride

Question 20

acts as hydrogen buffer

Answer 20

phosphorus

Question 21

regulates ‘acid base balance’

Answer 21

bicarbonate

Question 22

three fluid types

Answer 22

isotonic
hypotonic
hypertonic

Question 23

a solution derived from plasma

Answer 23

human albumin

Question 24

have large molecules that are unable to pass through semipermeable membranes

Answer 24

colloid solution

Question 25

contain small particles that pass easily from the bloodstream to cells and tissues

Answer 25

crystalloid solution

Question 26

this solution HAS THE SAME SOLUTE concentration

Answer 26

isotonic

Question 27

this solution: matter dissolved in solution

Answer 27

isotonic

Question 28

has a lower concentration than another solution

Answer 28

hypotonic

Question 29

has a higher solution concentration than another solution

Answer 29

hypertonic

Question 30

give an example of isotonic

Answer 30

normal saline solution
dextrose 5% in water
D5LR
ringer’s solution

Question 31

give an example of hypertonic

Answer 31

3% sodium chloride
5% sodium chloride
dextrose 10% in water

Question 32

normal urine output

Answer 32

1 to 2 liters per day

Question 33

who secretes renin

Answer 33

kidneys

Question 34

an enzyme that activates the raas (renin angiotensin aldosterone system)

Answer 34

renin

Question 35

is also known as vasopressin

Answer 35

anti-diuretic hormone

Question 36

produced by the hypothalamus to to reduce diuresis and increase water retention

Answer 36

antidiuretic hormone

Question 37

this hormone, produced and stored in the atria of the heart, stops the action of the raas

Answer 37

ANP / atrial natriuretic peptide

Question 38

regulated by hypothalamus

Answer 38

thirst