LESSON 12 part 1

Question 1

the most common disease of arteries

Answer 1

arteriosclerosis

Question 2

the term means HARDENING of the arteries

Answer 2

arteriosclerosis

Question 3

the muscle fibers and the endothelial lining of the walls of small arteries and arterioles become ‘‘thickened’’

Answer 3

arteriosclerosis

Question 4

it ‘affects the intima’ of the large and medium sized arteries

Answer 4

atherosclerosis

Question 5

there is an accumulation of lipids, calcium, blood components, carbohydrates, and fibrous tissue in the intimal layer of the artery

Answer 5

atherosclerosis

Question 6

the narrowing of the lumen, obstruction by thrombosis, aneurysm, ulceration, and rupture is a direct result of _______

Answer 6

atherosclerosis

Question 7

results from prolonged hemodynamic forces

Answer 7

vascular endothelial cell injury

Question 8

what are the two types of atherosclerotic lesions?

Answer 8

fatty streaks
fibrous plaques

Question 9

are ‘yellow and smooth, protrude slightly into the lumen of the artery’, and are composed of lipids and elongated smooth muscle cells

Answer 9

fatty streaks

Question 10

are ‘white to white yellow and protrude in various degrees’ into the arterial lumen

Answer 10

fibrous plaque

Question 11

two groups of vascular surgical procedures

Answer 11

inflow procedure
outflow procedures

Question 12

improve blood supply from aorta into the femoral artery

Answer 12

inflow procedure

Question 13

provide blood supply to vessels below the femoral artery

Answer 13

outflow proceduere

Question 14

if an isolated lesions are identified during the arteriogram

Answer 14

percutaneous transluminal angioplasty

Question 15

involves thickening of artery walls, which results in a progressive ‘‘narrowing of arteries of the upper and lower extremities’’

Answer 15

PAD / peripheral artery disease

Question 16

the risk of PAD increases with ____

Answer 16

age

Question 17

PAD is symptomatic in the ____ to ___ decades of life

Answer 17

6th to 8th

Question 18

‘large peripheral arteries become narrowed and restricted’ leading to the temporary or permanent reduction of blood flow to tissues

Answer 18

PAD / peripheral artery disease

Question 19

PAD / peripheral artery disease is commonly caused by _______

Answer 19

atherosclerosis

Question 20

it is more common in patients with diabetes or hypertension, in those with hyperlipidemia and in those who smoke

Answer 20

peripheral arterial occlusive disease

Question 21

severe peripheral arterial occlusive disease can lead to

Answer 21

skin ulceration
gangrene

Question 22

the common area of involvement for vascular disease is _____

Answer 22

lower extremities

Question 23

give example of intermittent claudication

Answer 23

pain
numbness
weakness while walking

Question 24

the classic symptom of lower extremity PAD

Answer 24

ischemic muscle pain

Question 25

‘dye is injected into the affected artery’ enabling an outline of the artery and blockage to be seen in an xray

Answer 25

arteriography

Question 26

helps to determine the amount of arterial insufficiency

Answer 26

ABI / ankle brachial indext