Leiomyomas and other Uterine Abnormalities

Question 1

what are the other names for fibroids

Answer 1

leiomyoma, myoma

Question 2

what is the most common benign neoplasm of the uterus

Answer 2

fibroid

Question 3

the broth of fibroids is stimulated by which hormone

Answer 3

estrogen

Question 4

if surgical removal of a fibroid needs to be done in pregnancy when should it be done

Answer 4

16-20 weeks

Question 5

what are some ways to treat fibroids

Answer 5

• oral contraceptives
• myomectomy
• uterine artery embolization
• hysterectomy
• uterine guided radio frequency

Question 6

___: treatment for fibroids in which a catheter is used to inject small plastic or gelatin particles into the arteries supplying the fibroids

Answer 6

uterine artery embolization

Question 7

what are the different types of fibroids

Answer 7

• submucosal
• subserosal
• interstitial or intramural
• pedunculated

Question 8

which type of fibroid is found beneath the endometrium

Answer 8

submucosal

Question 9

which type of fibroid will disturb the endometrium

Answer 9

submucosal

Question 10

which type of fibroid caused abnormal uterine bleeding

Answer 10

submucosal

Question 11

which type of fibroid is just beneath the serial layer of the uterus

Answer 11

subserosal

Question 12

what is the most common type of fibroid

Answer 12

interstitial

Question 13

which fibroid is found within the muscular wall

Answer 13

interstitial or intramural

Question 14

which type of fibroid is connected by a stalk

Answer 14

pedunculated

Question 15

what are some symptoms of fibroids

Answer 15

• abdominal distension
• pelvic pressure and bloating
• menometorrhagia
• dysmenorrhea
• anemia
• constipation
• infertility
• dyspareunia

Question 16

S/A fibroid

Answer 16

• sharp margin hypoechoic solid mass
• varies in size
• may see calcifications

Question 17

___: degeneration of smooth muscle cells in leiomyoma

Answer 17

lipoleiomyoma

Question 18

S/A lipoleiomyoma

Answer 18

• hyperechoic fatty masses with partially hypoechoic muscular rim
• posterior attenuation

Question 19

___: narrowing of the cervical canal caused by inflammation and scar tissue

Answer 19

cervical stenosis

Question 20

what are some causes of cervical stenosis

Answer 20

• tumors
• infection
• polyps
• scar tissue
• radiation
• surgery

Question 21

___: fluid retained in the endocervical canal

Answer 21

hydrometra

Question 22

___:blood retained in the endocervical canal

Answer 22

hematomata

Question 23

___: pus formation in the endometrial canal

Answer 23

pyometra

Question 24

pelvic congestion syndrome is more common caused by what

Answer 24

incompetent left ovarian vein or venous HTN due to nutcracker syndrome

Question 25

S/A pelvic congestion syndrome

Answer 25

• multiple dilated periuterine veins (>5mm) with flow moving at a velocity less than 5cm/s
• color will show filling of tubular structures

Question 26

acquired uterine AV malformation Is usually referred to as what

Answer 26

AV fistula

Question 27

___: congenital formation of multiple connections between arteries and veins

Answer 27

AV malformation

Question 28

___: connection between artery and vein due to trauma, surgery or invasive procedure

Answer 28

acquired uterine AV malformation

Question 29

S/S acquired uterine AV malformation

Answer 29

• menorrhagia

- AUB

Question 30

what would the pulse wave look like with AV fistula

Answer 30

-high velocity low resistance waveforms feeding the artery and pulsatile high velocity flow draining the vein