Endometrial Abnormalities Flashcards
___: abnormal location of endometrial tissue in the myometrium
adenomyosis
what are some signs of adenomyosis
- dysmenorrhea
- dyspareunia
- menometrorrhagia
adenomyosis can be a precursor to ____
endometrial carcinoma
S/A adenomyosis
- thickened heterogeneous myometrium
- Venetian blind sign
- diffusely increased vascularity
polyps are most common around what age range
40-50
___: focal benign overgrowth of endometrium
polyp
S/S polyps
- abnormal pre or post menopausal bleeding
- infertility history
- menometorrhagia
when is the best time of the cycle to look at polyps
early proliferative phase
what is the superior imaging method to look at polyps
SIS
___: surgical removal of polyps
polypectomy
S/A endometrial polyp
- round mass with smooth borders
- isoechoic to endometrial tissue
- connected via stalk
- color within mass and connecting stalk
___: endometrial tissue in abnormal location
endometriosis
list the most common locations for endometriosis from most to least common
- ovaries
- rectum
- broad ligament
- bowel
- ureter
- bladder
where is the most common location of extra pelvic implantation of endometriosis
anterior abdominal wall
what is the normal age range for endometriosis
30-40
endometriosis is most common in who
white nulliparous women
what is the leading cause of infertility
endometriosis
which lab value would be increased with endometriosis
CA 125
S/S endometriosis
- menorrhagia
- pain
- painful sex
- difficult defecation
how can endometriosis be treated
surgery and/ or HRT
S/A endometriosis
- cystic mass with low level echoes
- through transmission
- may have fluid levels
- can be multi located
- usually demonstrates peripheral vascularity
- chocolate cyst
___: inflammation/ infection of the endometrium
endometritis
what is the first stage of PID
endometritis
endometritis has been associated with what
- recent c section
- abortion
- IUD perforation
- retained products
- biopsy
S/S endometritis
- pain
- fever
- discharge
- menorrhagia
- leukocytosis
S/A endometritis
- may see enlarged uterus
- prominent irregular endometrium
- may seen air in endometrial cavity
- fluid in posterior cul de sac
___: accumulation of pus in the uterine cavity
pyometra
what is the median age of presentation of pyometra
65
S/S pyometra
- purulent vaginal dischage
- pelvic pain
pyometra can cause what problems
-uterine rupture and peritonitis
primary symptom of endometrial hyperplasia is what
dysfunctional bleeding
S/A endometrial hyperplasia
- overproliferation of glandular tissue
- > 18mm thickness inn premenopausal patients in secretory phase
- > 5mm thickness abnormal for postmenopausal patient with no HRT and abnormal bleeding
- > 8mm thickness abnormal for postmenopausal patients with no HRT and no bleeding
___: adhesions of the endometrial lining due to uterine trauma
Asherman syndrome
asherman syndrome can be due to what
c sections or D and C
S/S asherman syndrome
- amenorrhea
- hypomenorrhea
- recurrent miscarriage
- infertility
___: performed to treat heavy bleeding in patients with a non uterine cause for the bleeding
endometrial ablation
what are some complications of endometrial ablation
- infection
- uterine perforation
- hematometra
- thermal injury to adjacent structures
