Lecture Outline #23: Respiratory System

Question 1

respiration basics

Answer 1

it is cellular respiration (glucose + oxygen -> water, carbon dioxide and ATP; oxygen breaks down the glucose)
breathing is the transportation of gases
diffusion of blood gases occurs due to thin walls, moist surfaces, and rich blood supply

Question 2

what makes up the upper respiratory tract

Answer 2

organs outside of thorax, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, larynx, and pharynx

Question 3

what makes up the lower respiratory tract

Answer 3

organs within thorax, trachea, bronchi, bronchial tree, lungs, pleural cavity

Question 4

nasal cavity

Answer 4

1. Nostril - external nares (bone)
2. Alar cartilages support nostril
   - flaps on side of nose that make vestibule
3. Nasal septum
   - ant: hyaline cartilage then septal then elastic
   - post: vomer & perpendicular plate of ethmoid
4. Lateral walls
   - sup, mid, & inf conchae/meati
5. Lateral wall openings
   - has nasolacrimal duct
   - paranasal sinuses (sphenoid, ethmoid, maxillary, frontal) that drain via paranasal ducts
   - all ducts/sinuses lined w/ mucous mem (resp epi) & cilia
6. Internal nares