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Virology > Lecture 9 > Flashcards

Lecture 9 Flashcards

1
Q

What type of virus are Genus Flavivirus

A

Mosquito-borne

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2
Q

What form is flavivirus in

A

Enveloped

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3
Q

How can pathogenesis of flaviviruses be divided (3)

A
  1. Associated primarily with haemorrhage fevers
  2. With a fever-arthralgia rah
  3. Causing encephalitis syndorme
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4
Q

What are encephalitic flaviviruses

A

Neurotropic

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5
Q

What sort of infection is flavivirus

A

Natural infection of the CNS

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6
Q

In the initial West Nile virus where does replication occur

A

in skin - langerhans dendritic cells

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7
Q

What results in the faster development of West Nile virus

A

Macrophage depletion

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8
Q

What are important facts in limiting infection and clearing systemic virus

A

Type I interferons and macrophages

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9
Q

What is the risk of entry into the CNS dependent on (4) (flaviviruses)

A
  1. Time of onset
  2. Magnitude
  3. Duration
  4. Innate immune system
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10
Q

Flaviviruses: what does TNF-a regulate

A

Inflammatory cytokine production

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11
Q

Where does WNV replicate

A

Endoplasmic reticulum associated membranes to generate a negative strand RNA intermediate there serves as a template for positive strand RNA synthesis

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12
Q

How do diagnose flaviviruses (5)

A
  1. ELSIA
  2. SNT
  3. Immunoflourescene assays
  4. VI and RT-PCR
  5. Immunohistochemical staining
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13
Q

What is Genus Pestivirus no transmitted by

A

Arthropods

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14
Q

What are the disease symptoms of Genus Pestivirus (3)

A
  1. Bovine viral diarrhoea
  2. Mucosal disease
  3. Border disease
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15
Q

Can Genus Pestivirus cross the placenta

A

Yes

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16
Q

What is the most pathogenic Genus Pestivirus

A

Bovine viral diarrhoea

17
Q

What can recombination cause with bovine viral diarrhoea

A

NCP BVDV to be CP

18
Q

What does the outcome of NCP BVDV of the foetus depend on

A

Age

19
Q

Where does mucosal disease occur

A

Where there is superinfection with a cytopathic BVD

20
Q

What are the clinical signs of mucosal disease (5)

A
  1. Watery diarrhoea
  2. Chronic weight loss
  3. Erosions in the mouth
  4. Excessive salivation and nasal discharge
  5. Ulcers
21
Q

How can you diagnose BVDV (3)

A
  1. Blood samples
  2. Antibody of the virus checked
  3. Tests carried out on blood
22
Q

How to manage BVDV

A
  1. Identify all the carriers in the heard
  2. Manage the herd to maximise the likelihood of infection of young heifer well. before making
  3. Commence a regular vaccination program against pestivirus
23
Q

Can classical swine virus cross the placenta

A

Yes

24
Q

How is classical swine fever controlled

A
  1. Attenuated live vaccine
25
Q

How is classical swine fever diagnosis

A
  1. Animals infected will produce an immune response that can be detected using a variety of serological techniques
26
Q

How is classical swine fever diagnosed when it is persistent

A

Require immunostaning

27
Q

What form are Togaviruses in

A

Enveloped

28
Q

What do Togaviruses resemble

A

Cellular mRNAs

29
Q

What is the most common mosquito-borne pathogen

A

Ross River virus

30
Q

When does mucosal disease occur

A

Where there is superinfection with a cytopathic BVD

31
Q

What are the clinical signs of mucosal disease (5)

A
  1. Watery diarrhoea
  2. Chronic weight loss
  3. Erosions in the mouth
  4. Excessive salivation and nasal discharge
  5. Ulcers on hoofs causing lameness
32
Q

What are the consequences of mucosal disease

A
  1. Infected animals secrete large amount of virus

2. Continuously shed the virus to the herd

33
Q

How to diagnosis BVDV

A

RT PCR using blood sample from ear

34
Q

What sort of virus is African swine fever virus

A

DNA virus

Virology (23 decks)

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