Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Virology > Lecture 7 > Flashcards

Lecture 7 Flashcards

1
Q

What sort of virus are Orbiviruses

A

non-enveloped viruses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the structure of Orbiviruses (2)

A
  1. Triple capsid

2. 10 segmented dsRNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What transmits Orbiviruses

A

Intectes predominantly biting midges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

List some Orbiviruses (5)

A
  1. African horse sickness virus
  2. Blue tongue virus
  3. Epizootic haemorrhage disease virus
  4. Equine encephaosis virus
  5. Palyam virus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What opportunity is created with segmented genome

A

Mutations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is blue tongue and AHSV transmitted by

A

Culicoides midges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How many serotypes of AHSV are there

A

9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How many serotypes of BTV are there

A

27

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the hosts of AHSV

A

horses, donkeys, zebras and mules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the heart form of AHSV signs

A
  • fever followed by swelling of head and eyes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the heart form of AHSV terminal

A

bleeding in membrane of mouth and eyes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the lung/pulmonary form from of AHSV signs

A

Difficulty in breathing

Frothy discharge may pour from nose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the mixed form of AHSV signs

A

Symptoms from both the heart and lung forms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the three forms of ASHV

A
  1. Heart form
  2. Lung/pulmonary form
  3. Mixed form
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How to control AHSV (4)

A
  1. Vaccine
  2. Control the vector
  3. Movement of animals
  4. Good management
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Where is Equine encephalitis virus prevalent

A

SA, Kenya and Botswana

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What has a higher transmission rate, AHSV or EEV

A

EEV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How was BTV brought into Australia

A

windburn dispersal fron indonesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How many segments does BTV involve

A

10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Clinical signs in a sheep of BTV (2)

A
  1. Fever, excessive salivation, swelling of the face and tongue and cyanosis of the blue tongue
  2. Hyperaemia of muzzle nose and coronet
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Clinical signs in a cow of BTV

A
  1. Conjunctivitis, rhinitis with nasal exudate and ulceration of the nares
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Clinical presentation of BTV varies between different host species and individuals based on (3)

A
  1. Host, vector, environmental factors
  2. Virulence of the infecting strain
  3. Expression of inflammatory and vasoactive mediators by host endothelial cells and other cells such as macrophages and dendritic cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Where does BTV replicate

A

Draining lymph node before being disseminated by the blood and lymph to sites of secondary replication throughout the body

24
Q

Where does virus replication principally occur with BTV

A

Lungs and spleen

25
Q

In BTV, what does the cell membrane invaginate

A

Erythrocytes and platelets during viraemia

26
Q

Characteristic clinical signs of BT (2)

A
  1. Damage which is caused by the virus to endothelial cells in the walls of blood vessels
  2. leads to vascular thrombosis, tissue infraction/necrosis, vascular leakage, oedema and haemorrhage
27
Q

What can foetal infection with BTV result in (5)

A
  1. Abortion
  2. Growth retardation
  3. Teratogenesos
  4. Birth of viraemic offspring
  5. No obvious abnormality
28
Q

What are the side effects of animals that recover from BTV

A

Muscle degeneration that manifests as weakness, prostration and torticollis, slipper formation of the hooves, a characteristic break in the wool in sheep and a transient decrease in fertility of breeding

29
Q

How to control BTV (3)

A
  1. Vaccination
  2. Illegal movement of animals
  3. Vector control
30
Q

How many stereotypes of epizootic haemorrhage disease are there

A

7

31
Q

What is EHDV similar to

A

BTV

32
Q

How many RNA segments does Rotavirus have

A

11

33
Q

What does rotavirus cause in young mammals

A

Diarrhoea

34
Q

The 7 stereotypes and what the effect

A
  1. Group A: humans
  2. Group B: Humans and animals
  3. Group C: humans and animals
  4. Group D-F: animals
35
Q

How can you get infected with Rotavirus

A

Fecal-oral route

36
Q

What makes rotavirus resistant to acidic pH

A

tripple protein coat

37
Q

What does Rotavirus produce

A

Virus-encoded enterotoxin which leads to gastroenteritis and severe diarrhoea

38
Q

What can Rotavirus destroy

A

mature enterocytes

39
Q

What is NSP4

A

Non-structural protein

40
Q

In an infected cell what is NSP4 associated with

A

Assembly of the vision

41
Q

What can secreted NSP4 attach to

A

Receptors on healthy enterocytes

42
Q

(Rotavirus) From the infected cell where do water and electrolytes leak

A

Into the lumen of the intestine

43
Q

How many segments is Avian orthoreovirus

A

10

44
Q

What does Avian orthoreovirus infect

A

Birds

45
Q

How can Avian orthoreovirus infect birds

A
  1. Transovarial transmission
  2. Fecal-oral route
  3. The respiratory tract
  4. Infection may also enter through the exposure of broken skin of the feet or legs of chickens
46
Q

What is the most commonly observed problem with Avian orthoreovirus

A

infection of tendons with resultant rupture of the tendons and haemorrhage

47
Q

How many segments are there with infectious bursa disease (Gumboro)

A

two segments of dsRNA

48
Q

Where does infectious bursa disease (Gumboro) replicate

A

Immature B cels

49
Q

What does replication in immature B cells cause in infectious bursa disease (Gumboro)

A

Massive necrosis of the bursa

50
Q

What is the result of infectious bursa disease (Gumboro)

A

Immunosuppression

51
Q

What is ELSIA used to monitor

A

Antibody titres in samples from breeders and broilers

52
Q

How can the gnome of infectious bursa disease (Gumboro) be detected

A

By real-time PCR with different probes being used to differentiate the hyper virulent strains

53
Q

How to control infectious bursa disease (Gumboro)

A
  1. Vaccination
  2. Good management - biosecurity
  3. When hyper virulent strains are present broilers are vaccinated once maternal antibody has been metabolised
54
Q

How many BTV are there in Australia

A

10

55
Q

How was AHSV transported to Spain

A

From a zebra from Namibia

56
Q

What does MLV stand for

A

Modified live vaccine

57
Q

What can avian orthroreovirus cause

A
  1. Reovirus tenosynosis
  2. Stunting and runting
  3. Helicopter syndrome

Virology (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions