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Human Locomotor Systems > Lecture 8.1 > Flashcards

Lecture 8.1 Flashcards

Also start of 8.2 - Varsha ran overtime

1
Q

Which is the ‘big’ adductor?

A

magnus

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2
Q

The Gluteus medius and minimus help to do ___ _____ in addition to abduction

A

medial rotation

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3
Q

what are the fixators of the hip joint and what other movement do they produce?

A 
Piriformis
Superior gemellus
obturator internus
inferior gemellus
quadrats femoris

also act as later rotators

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4
Q

Which nerve innervates the gluteus medius and minimus?

A

Superior Gluteal nerve

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5
Q

Which nerves supply the hip joint?

A

anteriorly - femoral
inferiorly - Obturator (ant. division)

Posteriorly - superior gluteal nerve to quadratus femors
sciatic

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6
Q

the hip may refer pain to the _____ becase

A

knee - it lies deeper to the knee and has same innervation

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7
Q

Which blood vessels (from the femoral artery) mainly supplies the hip joint?

A

medial and later circumflex arteries

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8
Q

The knee is a ___ joint

A

compound - more than two bones articulating

tibiofemoral and
patellofemoral

also a modified hinge joint
F/E and rotation

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9
Q

The knee is most stable in ______

A

extension

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10
Q

Why does the knee have poor bone congruence?

A

condyles are not the same size

shape of articulation - femur and tibia meet at an oblique angle

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11
Q

The articular capsule attaches at articular margins and _____

A

menisci

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12
Q

The two deficiencies in the knee capsule are from what anteriorly and posteriorly?

A

anterior: Suprapatella bursa
posterior: popliteal tendon

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13
Q

overuse of the joint can result in synovial ______

A

synovial effusion - rapid swelling

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14
Q

What is the name of the communication bursae deep to the patella?

A

suprapatella bursae

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15
Q

the vastus _______ has tiny fibres that attach to the suprapatella bursae and pull it out of the way in extension- to stop ______

A

the vastus intermedius has tiny fibres that attach to the suprapatella bursae and pull it out of the way in extension- to stop pinching

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16
Q

True or False

The subcutaneous prepatella bursae is non-communicating

A

true

Lies superficial to the patella

17
Q

The ______ ______ bursae is prone to inflammation and infection

A

The subcutaneous infrapatella bursae is prone to inflammation

18
Q

What are the exterior ligaments of the knee?

A

Ligamentum patellae

oblique popliteal ligament

Arcuate popliteal ligament

19
Q

What are the intrinsic ligaments of the knee:

A

ACL/PCL

Transverse ligament - connect the menisci

20
Q

The medial colateral ligament is _____

A

wider

21
Q

The MCL attaches to the medial ____

A

meniscus

22
Q

The MCL works with the ACL to stop the ____ moving too far forward

A

The MCL works with the ACL to stop the tibia moving too far forward

23
Q

The lateral colateral Ligament is separated from lateral meniscus by _____tendon

A

popliteal tendon

24
Q

Both the LCL and MCL are taut in _______

A

Extension

25
Q

Cruciate ligaments stop excessive _____/_____ displacement

A

Cruciate ligaments stop excessive anterior/posterior displacement

26
Q

The ACL is prone to injury in _____ and ______ knee

A

The ACL is prone to injury in flexed and rotated knee

27
Q

The __ assists internal rotation of femur and contributed to locking

A

ACL

28
Q

The PCL is taut in full ____

A

flexion

29
Q

The mensici allow separate movements in the knee joint capsule

during rotation the menisci hug the ______ end of the femur

A

inferior

30
Q

Ligament and meniscal damage is most common in ______ sports

A

twisting

31
Q

The ______ muscle locks and unlocks the knee in conjunct rotation

A

Popliteus

“pops” the knee out and mobile

32
Q

Adjunct is when your knee is flexed and can do internal and external rotation, which muscles allow this?

A

semitendinosus and Biceps femoris

33
Q

The medial condyle is ______- which helps with the passive locking mechanism

A

longer

34
Q

The femoral artery goes through the adductor ____

A

hiatus

35
Q

The branches that supply the knee are called _____

A

genicular arteries

lots of them, lots of blood supply

36
Q

If contact is with the lateral condyles of the knee it is called genu ____

A

valgum

37
Q

The patella increases the pull of the ____ along the long axis of the lower limb - it makes contact with the ____ tuberosity (via patella ligament) at a ____angle = more leverage

A

The patella increases the pull of the quads along the long axis of the lower limb - it makes contact with the tibial tuberosity at a greater angle = more leverage

38
Q

Due the oblique angle of the femur, the tendency is for the patella to be pulled ______

A

Due the oblique angle of the femur, the tendency is for the patella to be pulled laterally

39
Q

What are the factors that prevent the patella from displacing laterally?

A

active contraction of vastus medialis

medial patella retinaculum

Raised lip on lateral femoral condyle (the lateral condyle of the femur has an anterior projection)

Human Locomotor Systems (30 decks)

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