Lecture 10.2 Flashcards
We are: order, family, genus, species?
Order: Primates
Family: Hominidae
Genus: Homo
Species: Homo Sapiens
There are more than ___ primates species
300
new world monkeys are found in
south america
brachiators are..
animals that swing beneath the branches of trees
The strong tail in leaping lemurs helps to
propel them through the air
Semibrachiating New world monkeys have a tail for use as
an extra digit - to hold on to branches
Arboreal use all four limbs equally, unlike the …
new world monkeys
Homonids do not have a..
tail
Chimpanzees knuckle walk meaning they put their weight on the _____ aspect of their middle ______
Chimpanzees knuckle walk meaning they put their weight on the dorsal aspect of their middle phalanges
The frankfurt horizontal is..
where the eye socket is looking straight
The foramen magnum is
it is more _____in humans than apes
the hole in the base of the skull
it is more anterior in humans than apes
the nuchal line(where the neck muscles originate) is ___placed in humans (its also smaller)
the nuchal line(where the neck muscles originate) is inferiorly placed in humans (its also smaller
The vetrebral column is more ______ oriented in apes
The vetrebral column is more obliquely oriented in apes
Deep to the trapezius there is a muscle in the apes that humans don’t have called
onus cervicalus
The rhomboids start higher in ____
The rhomboids start higher in apes
Basicranial flexion means the…
Basicranial flexion means the cranium sits on top of the facial skeleton in humans
The thorax ribcage of a monkey is
deep and narrow
good for quadrupedal locomotion
(braod and wide in humans)
The clavicle is ___ in quadrupeds
shorter
Apes have a __ ribcage
why does that help?
wide
provide support for abdominal viscera, also provides attachment for muscles
The shape of our ribs keeps our centre of ____ as close to the middle as possible
gravity
The glenoid cavity in humans and apes faces outward, why is that important
allow the humerus to do a range of motion - including swinging in trees (laterally)
True or false
All primates have a clavicle
true
The shape of the thorax is ____ in chimpanzee
funnel shaped
humans are much more barrel shape
Humans have __ribs - apes have ___
humans have 12 ribs - apes have 13
The iliac blades are ____ in apes
The iliac blades are longer in apes
The pelvis is positioned more _____ in humans than apes
The blades are positioned more laterally in humans than apes
there is only a _ shaped curve in the apes
C -shaped curve - no secondary curvatures
What are the numbers for apes and humans?
cervical
thoracic
lumbar
sacral
coccygeal
cervical:
Apes: 7
Human:7
thoracic:
Apes: 13
Human: 12
lumbar:
Apes: 3
Human: 5
sacral:
Apes: 6
Human: 5
coccygeal:
Apes: 3-4
Human: 4
Dens of C2 ____ angled in apes and monkeys
dorsally angled
Spinous processes of cervical vertebrae ___, ending in large ____
Spinous processes of cervical vertebrae long, ending in large knobs
