Lecture 8 - Slime molds - fungus-like eukaryotes Flashcards
- have both fungal and amoeba-like qualities
- hunters of bacteria and fungi
- will produce spores in unfavorable conditions (survival, not reproduction)
slime molds
life cycle of cellular slime molds
- amoeba stage
- slug stage
- fruiting body
germinate from a spore
amoeba stage
- many amoebas aggregate and sheath forms
- migration
slug stage
releases spores which germinate into amoebas
fruiting body
plasmodial (acellular) slime molds
- mass of protoplasm with many nuclei (plasmodium)
- capable of sexual reproduction
Two phyla of slime molds
- cellular slime molds
- plasmodial slime molds
favorable conditions, cellular slime mold exist as
amoeba
unfavorable conditions, cellular slime molds
- congregate and fuse
- form multicellular mushroom
favorable conditions, plasmodial slime molds exist
- plasmodium
- giant “amoeba”
plasmodium
multi-nucleate mass of protoplasm
unfavorable conditions, plasmodial slime molds
- mold like
- spread out forming “mycelium
- produce clump of spores
- few are human parasites
- anatomy and life cycle modified for parasitism
- adult stage in definitive host
- each larval stage in specific intermediate host
helminths (parasitic worms)
helminths phylum
- Platyhelminthes (flatworms)
- Nematoda (roundworms)
class under Phylum Platyhelminthes
- Trematodes (flukes)
- Cestodes (tapeworms)
host of helminths in adult stage
definitive host
host of helminths in each larval stage
specific intermediate host
Life cycle of helminths
Egg –> larva(e) –> adult
two types of helminths reproductive system
- monoecious
- dioceious
- male and female reproductive system in one animal
- hermaphroditic
monoecious
separate male and female
dioceious
shape of platyhelminths
dorsoventrally flattened
oral and ventral sucker attaches to host tissue
trematode or fluke
scolex (head), proglottids
cestode or tapeworm
each segment in the strobila of a tapeworm, containing a complete sexually mature reproductive system
proglottids
human is a definitive host for
Taenia saginata
human is an intermediate host for
Echinococcus granulosus
- have a complete digestive system
- eggs infective for humans
nematodes
- second most common orm infection in the US (and probably in the Philippines too)
- most common worldwide
Ascariasis
causative agent for Ascariasis
Ascaris lumbricoides
- most common worm infection in US
- causes itching around the anus which can lead to difficulty sleeping and restlessness
Enterobius vermicularis_
Hookworm examples
- Ancylostoma __duodenale_
- Necator americanus
caused by eating raw or undercooked meat of
Trichinellosis
causative agent for Trichinellosis
Trichinella spiralis
heartworm
Dirofilaria immitis
cause human hear failure
heartworm
how does heartworm spread
via mosquitoes
- exoskeleton
- jointed legs
- segmented body
Arthropoda
Classes of Arthropoda
- Insecta
- Arachnida
6 legs
Insecta
8 legs
Arachnida
ex. of insects
- lice
- fleas
- mosquitoes
ex. of arachnids
- mites
- ticks
arthropods that carry diseases
vectors
elimination of vectorborne diseases
contrl or eradication of vectors
how are vectors definitive host
microbe’s sexual reproduction in vector