Lecture 4B - Culture Media, Biosafety, and Aseptic Technique

Question 1

How to prepare media

Answer 1

1. calculate how much you need
2. prepare all the materials and weigh needed amount
3. mix components acc. to specific medium
4. sterilize acc. to standard conditions
5. post-sterilization

Question 2

what is the standard condition for sterilizing

Answer 2

121C
15-20 min.
15 psi

Question 3

tending to absorb moisture from the air

Answer 3

hygroscopic

Question 4

the containment principles, technologies, ad practices that are implemented to prevent unintentional exposure to pathogens and toxins, or their accidental release

Answer 4

biosafety

Question 5

protection of microbiological assests from theft, loss or diversion, which could lead to the inappropriate use of these agents to cause public health harm

Answer 5

biosecurity

Question 6

difference between biosafety and biosecurity

Answer 6

biosafety: managing risks caused by ACCIDENTAL exposure/release of pathogen

biosecurity: managing risks caused by INTENTIONAL exposure/release of pathogen

Question 7

biosafety

Answer 7

keep people from bad bags

Question 8

biosecurity

Answer 8

keep bad bugs from bad people

Question 9

biosafety and biosecurity
what for?

Answer 9

protect
- users
- those outside the laboratory
- the environment

Question 10

biosafety and biosecurity
how?

Answer 10

1. practice and procedures
2. safety equipment
3. facility design and construction
4. increasing levels of protection

Question 11

biosafety + biosecurity = ?

Answer 11

biorisk

Question 12

source or object (not action) that can cause harm in security terms (biosafety)

Answer 12

hazard

Question 13

associated with a person who has intent to cause harm to other people, animals, or the institution (biosecurity)

Answer 13

threat

Question 14

can be based on either a hazard, or a hazard and a threat

Answer 14

risk

Question 15

a hazard can pose a __ in a given situation

Answer 15

risk

Question 16

probability or chance that a particular adverse event due to presence of a hazard under a certain situation will occur

Answer 16

biorisk

Question 17

biorisk = ? + ?

Answer 17

likelihood + consequence
(of occurance of an event)

Question 18

the likelihood of an occurence determine if the risk is what

Answer 18

• low
• medium
• high or
• extremely high

Question 19

• likelihood of infection and exposure via an infectour route of a biological agent
• consequences of disease to the at risk population

Answer 19

biosafety

Question 20

likelihood of theft of a biological agent and the severity of the consequences of an attack with that agent

Answer 20

biosecurity

Question 21

Who are the populations of concern

Answer 21

1. persons in and around the laboratory
2. human population outside the laboratory
3. animal community outside the laboratory

Question 22

• identify and reduce risks before they evolve into near misses or incident
• provides the highest practical protectiona nd the lowest practical exposure

Answer 22

biorisk management

Question 23

biorisk management provides what

Answer 23

• highest practical protections
• lowest practical exposure

Question 24

Biorisk management

Answer 24

1. assessment
2. mitigation
3. performance

Question 25

laboratory biorisk management system

Answer 25

1. biohazard identification (ex. cultures) 2. biorisk assessment 3. biorisk management 4. biorisk communication

Question 26

biorisk assessment

Answer 26

1. what can happen? 2. what is the chance that it will happen? (likelihood) 3. if it happens, what are the consequences?

Question 27

the graver the consequence, the __ the biorisk

Answer 27

higher

Question 28

- high number of COVID-19 patients in hospital - no isolation ward - limited PPE

Answer 28

very high risk of spreading infection

Question 29

- high number of COVID-19 patients in a hospital - with isolation ward - continuous supply of PPEs

Answer 29

moderate risk of spreading infection

Question 30

- low number of COVID-19 patients in a hospital - with isolation ward - continuous supply of PPEs

Answer 30

very low risk of spreading infection

Question 31

a hazard cannot pose a risk without a __ __

Answer 31

specific situation

Question 32

a situation does not represent a risk without a __

Answer 32

hazard

Question 33

a change in the _____ can change both __ & __

Answer 33

- nature of hazard - likelihood - consequences

Question 34

can only change the likelihood but not the consequences

Answer 34

change in situation

Question 35

risk evaluation is a process determining __ whether a risk is high or low, and whether it is acceptable or not

Answer 35

subjectively

Question 36

highly influenced by the culture, experience, resources, managemen and even current events in the insitution and community

Answer 36

risk acceptance

Question 37

what highly influence risk acceptance

Answer 37

1. culture 2. experience 3. resources 4. management 5. current events

Question 38

generally do not include perceived social, cultural, political, and ethical concerns

Answer 38

technical risk assessments

Question 39

risk acceptance will depend on the 'owner' of the risk

Answer 39

1. risk averse 2. risk tolerant

Question 40

what does risk evaluation drive in an institution

Answer 40

investment decisions

Question 41

will not spend a lot of resources

Answer 41

risk-tolerant individuals/institutions

Question 42

will more likely to spend resources to attempt reduce the risk they face

Answer 42

risk-averse individuals/institutions

Question 43

Benefits of a Robust Risk Assessment

Answer 43

1. facilitates risk assessment process; repeatable/reproducible 2. facilitates risk mitigation decisions 3. provides quality control documentation