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ANATOMY 254 > lecture 8: cranial nerve > Flashcards

lecture 8: cranial nerve Flashcards

1
Q

what is the function of olfact nerve

A

special sensory (or visceral afferent - smell)

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2
Q

the olfactory nevre fibers are collective known as what…

A

CI

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3
Q

In addition to enable us to smell, CI (olf) also induces what

A

visceral

responses via the ANS

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4
Q

give an example of how CI also induces visceral respinses via the ANS

A

salivation is initiated in response to the aroma of food

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5
Q

where dies the olf nerves lie

A

lie in the olfactory foramina

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6
Q

the octic nerve is in what psotiion in relation to the optic chaism

A

anteriir

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7
Q

when does the optic nerve beome the optic tract

A

when it goes posterior at the chiasm

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8
Q

what is the number for optic nerve

A

CII

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9
Q

what is the function of optic nerve

A

special sensory (somatic afferent - vision)

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10
Q

what is the optic nerve formed by

A

by retinal ganglion axons that

converge at the optic disc at the back of the eye

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11
Q

why is CII (optic) unique to the others

A

CII is unique in that it is surrounded by cranial meninges and
subarachnoid space is filled with CSF

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12
Q

what cranial nerve is surrounded by cranial meninges and

subarachnoid space is filled with CSF

A

optic

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13
Q

from the optic chaisms, where does the optic nerve run and how

A

it runs toward the brain (thalamus)

by way of the optic tracts

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14
Q

the fibers from the optic nerve all terminate in the thalamus?

A

falwe, some also go to others in the
superior colliculi (corpora quadrigeminis) before travelling to
the occipital lobe - visual cortex

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15
Q

which is the visible crotex

A

occipital lobe

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16
Q

the left optic tract recives what fibers from the left and right eyes

A

left optic tract receives lateral fibers from left eye and medial fibers from the right eye

right optic tract reviered lateral fibers from right eye and medial fibers from the left eye

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17
Q

which nerve is consiered the eye mover

A

occulomotor nerve

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18
Q

which is CIII

A

occulomotor nerver

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19
Q

occulomotoe’s function is mostly…

A

motor

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20
Q

why is the occulomtor “mainly” motor

A

because the pisition and the movement of eyes affect proprioception as well

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21
Q

CIII is the chief motor nerve to what

A

chief motor nerve to the ocular and extraocular

muscles

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22
Q

what is the chief motor nerve to the ocular and extraocular

muscles

A

CIII

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23
Q

what does the occuolo moteor nerve inenrvate

A

Superior, Inferior and Medial Rectus muscles
• Inferior Oblique muscle
• Levator Palpabrae muscle - Upper eyelid muscle
• Ciliary bodies (muscles) of the Lens
• Iris - is smooth muscle that acts like a sphincter to constrict and dilate
the pupil size
• Reflex Somatic Adjustment - Proprioceptor

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24
Q

what allows the occulomotor to be inporant for proprioception

A

because of the relex somatic adjustments

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25
where does the occulomotor divide
in the sup orbital fisse
26
what happens to the occulomotor nerve in the sup orbital fissure
the nerve divides into the | superior and inferior divisions
27
what does the inferior division of the occulomot nerve carry fibers to
carries presynaptic autonomic fibers | to the CILIARY GANGLION
28
what is the function of the cilary ganglion
provides eye stability
29
the occulomotor lies on top of behind pons
on top of pons
30
which nerve acts like a pulley
trochlear
31
what is the function of trochlea
mainly motor
32
where does the trochlear nerve origionate
Originates from the superiolateral aspect of the pons
33
where does the trochlear nerve pass through
Superior Orbital Fissure
34
what does injury of the trochlear nerve do
inhibits the eyeball form turning out and down (inferolaterally) =diplopia
35
what is the only nerve to emerge dorsally from the brainstem
CIV
36
what is CIV
trochelar
37
which is the largest cranial nerve
trigeminal
38
which nerve is three fold
trigeminal
39
where is the trigem nerve located in relation to the pons
side of the pons
40
what are the 3 divisions of the trigemeinal nerve
ophthalmic maxillary mandibilar
41
where does the opthalmic divison pass trough
sup orbital fissure
42
the ophtlamic is a sensory or motor nevre
sensory
43
what does the ophltamic division supply
supplies the eyeball, conjunctiva, lacrimal gland and sac, nasal mucosa, frontal sinus, external nose, upper eyelid, forehead and scalp.
44
what type of nerve is the maxillary divison
sensory
45
where does the maxilalry nerve pass trhough
foramen rot.
46
where does maxillary division relay sensation
It relays sensation from the skin of the face over the maxilla inluding the upper lip, maxillary teeth, nasal mucosa, maxillary sinuses and palate.
47
what is the only trigeminal division to be a motor and sensory nerve
mandibular
48
where does the mandibular division pass trhough
foreamen ovale
49
true or false: trigeminal is a purly sensory nerve
false, because of mandibular division, it is also motor
50
what is the motor component of the mandibular division
muscles of mastication
51
what is the sensory component of mandibular divsion
skin over the mandible, lower lip and side of head, mandibular teeth, mucosa of the mouth and the ant two thirds of the tongue
52
what are the msucels of mastication
medial and lateral pteyoid, massterm, temporalis
53
true or false: the abducents is mainly motor
true
54
where does the abducens arrise and travel
arises between the pons and the medulla on the brain and will travel through the SUPERIOR ORBITAL FISSURE
55
what does the abductents innvervate
lateral rectus
56
which nerve 'Abducts eyeball"
abducents
57
what is the function of the facial nerve
mixed
58
true or false: facial nerve is primarirly a motor nerve
true BUT it also carries spefical sensory (taste) fibers
59
where does facial nerve emergy and exit
CVII emerges btw the pons and medulla on the brain and exits the skull though the internal acoustic meatus, facial canal and finally the STYLOMASTOID FORAMEN
60
which nerve passes throug hthe parotid gland
facial nerve
61
what is CVII
facial
62
what is CVI
abdunents
63
true or false: the faicial nerve innervates the parotid
false, it just passes throguh ti
64
true or false: the facial nerve stays as one branch
false it divides
65
what does the facial nerve supply
muscles of facial expression, taste to ant. two thirds of the tongue, parasympathetic innervation to the submandibular, sublingual and lacrimal glands and mucous glands of the soft palate, nose and paranasal sinuses.
66
what is the function of vestibulocochlear
mixed (mainly sensory)
67
what is CVIII
vestibulocochlear
68
where is the vestibulocochlear nerve located
Located in the Petrous portion of the Temporal bone at | the internal auditory meatus
69
which nerve does not exit the skull
vestibilo
70
where is the vestibulo found
Found just below the Pons the junction of the Medulla | Oblongata
71
why does the vestibulo not exit the skull
because it supples brain and inner ear connection
72
where does the vestibilo nerve enter
enters the internal acoustic meatus
73
what does the vestibulo divid into when it enters the internal acostic meatus
divides into vestibular | (equilibrium) and cochlear (hearing) divisions
74
the function of the glosspharangeal is mixed?
true
75
what is the gloss. neerve responsible for (sensory)
responsible for conveying taste | from the posterior one third of the tongue
76
what does the gloss. supply
sensory innervation to the pharyngeal mucosa, palatine tonsil, posterior one third of the tongue, auditory tube, middle ear, carotid sinus and carotid body
77
what is CIX
glossopharangela
78
what is the only muscle innervated by CIX
stylopharygeus
79
what does CIX supply to the parotid and salivary glands
supples parasymp innervation
80
CIX supples para innervation to what
parotid and salivary glands
81
where does the gloospharangelan nerve pass through
Passes through the jugular foramen to exit the skull
82
what is the sensory function of the glossopharangeal nerve
``` Sensory function (proprioception of swallowing muscles, monitoring BP, O2, CO2 in bld, breathing rate and depth) ```
83
is the vafus nerve function, motor, sensory or mixed
mixed
84
what does vagus mean and why
“the wanderer” due to its extensive | innervation throughout the body
85
what nevre is CX
vagus
86
what is vagus nerve responsible for
sensation from the inferior pharynx, larynx and | thoracic and abdominal viscera
87
where from where is also carried by CX
Taste from the root of the tongue and taste buds located on the epiglottis
88
what does vagus nerve innervate
Innervates the muscles of the soft palate, pharynx, the intrinsic laryngeal muscles and the palatoglossus muscles of the tongue
89
the function of accesory is mainly...
motor
90
what nerve is CXI
accessory nerve
91
where does the accesory nerve origioatw
Originates from the medulla oblongata and spinal cord
92
whe spinal portion of the accesory nerve enters and exits where
The spinal portion enters the skull through the foramen magnum, joins the medullary portion and exits through the jugular foramen
93
what are the 3 nerves exitin at the jugular
vagus glossopharangeal aceesory
94
aCXi is responibsle for inenrvation of what
responsible for the motor innervation of the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles
95
the hypoglossal nerve is mainly sensory or motor
motor
96
the hypoglossal nerve arrises and leaves where
The hypoglossal nerve arises from the medulla and leaves the | skull from the medulla oblongata, through the hypoglossal canal
97
the hypoglossal nerve is joined temporarrily by what and what does it form
Joined temporarily by fibers from spinal nerves C1 and C2, | which form the superior limb of the ansa cervicalis
98
what does CXII (hypoglossal) supply innervation to
``` CXII supplies motor innervation to all the muscles of the tongue except palatoglossus (supplied by the Vagus nerve - CX) ```
99
true or false: since CXII supples motor innervation to the tongue it also supples palatoglossues
false, it is by vagus

ANATOMY 254 (17 decks)

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