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ANATOMY 254 > lecture 8: cranial nerve > Flashcards

lecture 8: cranial nerve Flashcards

1
Q

what is the function of olfact nerve

A

special sensory (or visceral afferent - smell)

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2
Q

the olfactory nevre fibers are collective known as what…

A

CI

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3
Q

In addition to enable us to smell, CI (olf) also induces what

A

visceral

responses via the ANS

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4
Q

give an example of how CI also induces visceral respinses via the ANS

A

salivation is initiated in response to the aroma of food

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5
Q

where dies the olf nerves lie

A

lie in the olfactory foramina

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6
Q

the octic nerve is in what psotiion in relation to the optic chaism

A

anteriir

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7
Q

when does the optic nerve beome the optic tract

A

when it goes posterior at the chiasm

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8
Q

what is the number for optic nerve

A

CII

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9
Q

what is the function of optic nerve

A

special sensory (somatic afferent - vision)

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10
Q

what is the optic nerve formed by

A

by retinal ganglion axons that

converge at the optic disc at the back of the eye

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11
Q

why is CII (optic) unique to the others

A

CII is unique in that it is surrounded by cranial meninges and
subarachnoid space is filled with CSF

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12
Q

what cranial nerve is surrounded by cranial meninges and

subarachnoid space is filled with CSF

A

optic

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13
Q

from the optic chaisms, where does the optic nerve run and how

A

it runs toward the brain (thalamus)

by way of the optic tracts

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14
Q

the fibers from the optic nerve all terminate in the thalamus?

A

falwe, some also go to others in the
superior colliculi (corpora quadrigeminis) before travelling to
the occipital lobe - visual cortex

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15
Q

which is the visible crotex

A

occipital lobe

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16
Q

the left optic tract recives what fibers from the left and right eyes

A

left optic tract receives lateral fibers from left eye and medial fibers from the right eye

right optic tract reviered lateral fibers from right eye and medial fibers from the left eye

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17
Q

which nerve is consiered the eye mover

A

occulomotor nerve

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18
Q

which is CIII

A

occulomotor nerver

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19
Q

occulomotoe’s function is mostly…

A

motor

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20
Q

why is the occulomtor “mainly” motor

A

because the pisition and the movement of eyes affect proprioception as well

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21
Q

CIII is the chief motor nerve to what

A

chief motor nerve to the ocular and extraocular

muscles

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22
Q

what is the chief motor nerve to the ocular and extraocular

muscles

A

CIII

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23
Q

what does the occuolo moteor nerve inenrvate

A

Superior, Inferior and Medial Rectus muscles
• Inferior Oblique muscle
• Levator Palpabrae muscle - Upper eyelid muscle
• Ciliary bodies (muscles) of the Lens
• Iris - is smooth muscle that acts like a sphincter to constrict and dilate
the pupil size
• Reflex Somatic Adjustment - Proprioceptor

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24
Q

what allows the occulomotor to be inporant for proprioception

A

because of the relex somatic adjustments

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25
Q

where does the occulomotor divide

A

in the sup orbital fisse

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26
Q

what happens to the occulomotor nerve in the sup orbital fissure

A

the nerve divides into the

superior and inferior divisions

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27
Q

what does the inferior division of the occulomot nerve carry fibers to

A

carries presynaptic autonomic fibers

to the CILIARY GANGLION

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28
Q

what is the function of the cilary ganglion

A

provides eye stability

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29
Q

the occulomotor lies on top of behind pons

A

on top of pons

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30
Q

which nerve acts like a pulley

A

trochlear

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31
Q

what is the function of trochlea

A

mainly motor

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32
Q

where does the trochlear nerve origionate

A

Originates from the superiolateral aspect of the pons

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33
Q

where does the trochlear nerve pass through

A

Superior Orbital Fissure

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34
Q

what does injury of the trochlear nerve do

A

inhibits the eyeball form turning out and
down (inferolaterally)
=diplopia

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35
Q

what is the only nerve to emerge dorsally from the brainstem

A

CIV

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36
Q

what is CIV

A

trochelar

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37
Q

which is the largest cranial nerve

A

trigeminal

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38
Q

which nerve is three fold

A

trigeminal

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39
Q

where is the trigem nerve located in relation to the pons

A

side of the pons

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40
Q

what are the 3 divisions of the trigemeinal nerve

A

ophthalmic
maxillary
mandibilar

41
Q

where does the opthalmic divison pass trough

A

sup orbital fissure

42
Q

the ophtlamic is a sensory or motor nevre

A

sensory

43
Q

what does the ophltamic division supply

A

supplies the eyeball,
conjunctiva, lacrimal gland and sac, nasal mucosa, frontal sinus,
external nose, upper eyelid, forehead and scalp.

44
Q

what type of nerve is the maxillary divison

A

sensory

45
Q

where does the maxilalry nerve pass trhough

A

foramen rot.

46
Q

where does maxillary division relay sensation

A

It relays sensation from the
skin of the face over the maxilla inluding the upper lip,
maxillary teeth, nasal mucosa, maxillary sinuses and palate.

47
Q

what is the only trigeminal division to be a motor and sensory nerve

A

mandibular

48
Q

where does the mandibular division pass trhough

A

foreamen ovale

49
Q

true or false: trigeminal is a purly sensory nerve

A

false, because of mandibular division, it is also motor

50
Q

what is the motor component of the mandibular division

A

muscles of mastication

51
Q

what is the sensory component of mandibular divsion

A

skin over the mandible, lower lip and
side of head, mandibular teeth, mucosa of the mouth and the
ant two thirds of the tongue

52
Q

what are the msucels of mastication

A

medial and lateral pteyoid, massterm, temporalis

53
Q

true or false: the abducents is mainly motor

A

true

54
Q

where does the abducens arrise and travel

A

arises between the pons and the medulla
on the brain and will travel through the SUPERIOR
ORBITAL FISSURE

55
Q

what does the abductents innvervate

A

lateral rectus

56
Q

which nerve ‘Abducts eyeball”

A

abducents

57
Q

what is the function of the facial nerve

A

mixed

58
Q

true or false: facial nerve is primarirly a motor nerve

A

true BUT it also carries spefical sensory (taste) fibers

59
Q

where does facial nerve emergy and exit

A

CVII emerges btw the pons and medulla on the brain and exits
the skull though the internal acoustic meatus, facial canal and
finally the STYLOMASTOID FORAMEN

60
Q

which nerve passes throug hthe parotid gland

A

facial nerve

61
Q

what is CVII

A

facial

62
Q

what is CVI

A

abdunents

63
Q

true or false: the faicial nerve innervates the parotid

A

false, it just passes throguh ti

64
Q

true or false: the facial nerve stays as one branch

A

false it divides

65
Q

what does the facial nerve supply

A

muscles of facial expression, taste to ant.
two thirds of the tongue, parasympathetic innervation
to the submandibular, sublingual and lacrimal glands
and mucous glands of the soft palate, nose and
paranasal sinuses.

66
Q

what is the function of vestibulocochlear

A

mixed (mainly sensory)

67
Q

what is CVIII

A

vestibulocochlear

68
Q

where is the vestibulocochlear nerve located

A

Located in the Petrous portion of the Temporal bone at

the internal auditory meatus

69
Q

which nerve does not exit the skull

A

vestibilo

70
Q

where is the vestibulo found

A

Found just below the Pons the junction of the Medulla

Oblongata

71
Q

why does the vestibulo not exit the skull

A

because it supples brain and inner ear connection

72
Q

where does the vestibilo nerve enter

A

enters the internal acoustic meatus

73
Q

what does the vestibulo divid into when it enters the internal acostic meatus

A

divides into vestibular

(equilibrium) and cochlear (hearing) divisions

74
Q

the function of the glosspharangeal is mixed?

A

true

75
Q

what is the gloss. neerve responsible for (sensory)

A

responsible for conveying taste

from the posterior one third of the tongue

76
Q

what does the gloss. supply

A

sensory innervation to the pharyngeal mucosa, palatine
tonsil, posterior one third of the tongue, auditory tube, middle
ear, carotid sinus and carotid body

77
Q

what is CIX

A

glossopharangela

78
Q

what is the only muscle innervated by CIX

A

stylopharygeus

79
Q

what does CIX supply to the parotid and salivary glands

A

supples parasymp innervation

80
Q

CIX supples para innervation to what

A

parotid and salivary glands

81
Q

where does the gloospharangelan nerve pass through

A

Passes through the jugular foramen to exit the skull

82
Q

what is the sensory function of the glossopharangeal nerve

A 
Sensory function (proprioception of swallowing muscles,
monitoring BP, O2, CO2 in bld, breathing rate and depth)
83
Q

is the vafus nerve function, motor, sensory or mixed

A

mixed

84
Q

what does vagus mean and why

A

“the wanderer” due to its extensive

innervation throughout the body

85
Q

what nevre is CX

A

vagus

86
Q

what is vagus nerve responsible for

A

sensation from the inferior pharynx, larynx and

thoracic and abdominal viscera

87
Q

where from where is also carried by CX

A

Taste from the root of the tongue and taste buds located on the
epiglottis

88
Q

what does vagus nerve innervate

A

Innervates the muscles of the soft palate, pharynx, the intrinsic
laryngeal muscles and the palatoglossus muscles of the tongue

89
Q

the function of accesory is mainly…

A

motor

90
Q

what nerve is CXI

A

accessory nerve

91
Q

where does the accesory nerve origioatw

A

Originates from the medulla oblongata and spinal cord

92
Q

whe spinal portion of the accesory nerve enters and exits where

A

The spinal portion enters the skull through the foramen
magnum, joins the medullary portion and exits through the
jugular foramen

93
Q

what are the 3 nerves exitin at the jugular

A

vagus
glossopharangeal
aceesory

94
Q

aCXi is responibsle for inenrvation of what

A

responsible for the motor innervation of the sternocleidomastoid
and trapezius muscles

95
Q

the hypoglossal nerve is mainly sensory or motor

A

motor

96
Q

the hypoglossal nerve arrises and leaves where

A

The hypoglossal nerve arises from the medulla and leaves the

skull from the medulla oblongata, through the hypoglossal canal

97
Q

the hypoglossal nerve is joined temporarrily by what and what does it form

A

Joined temporarily by fibers from spinal nerves C1 and C2,

which form the superior limb of the ansa cervicalis

98
Q

what does CXII (hypoglossal) supply innervation to

A 
CXII supplies motor innervation to all the muscles of the tongue
except palatoglossus (supplied by the Vagus nerve - CX)
99
Q

true or false: since CXII supples motor innervation to the tongue it also supples palatoglossues

A

false, it is by vagus

ANATOMY 254 (17 decks)

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