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ANATOMY 254 > lecture 2: skull bones > Flashcards

lecture 2: skull bones Flashcards

1
Q

how many bones are there in the skelteton

A

206

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2
Q

what is the two catergory of bones

A

1) axial (skull, vertebrae columb, thoracif cage)

2) appendicular (UP,LE, pelvic girdle)

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3
Q

how many bpnes are there in the skull

A

22 bones

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4
Q

how many creanial bones are there

A

8

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5
Q

how many facial bones are there

A

14

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6
Q

what are the main 4 sutures

A

sagitallal, coronal, lambdoidal, squamosal

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7
Q

what are teh 4 types of sinuese

A

frontal
ethmod
sphenoid
maxillary

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8
Q

fgrwhat are the 3 fossa of the skull

A

cranial
nasal
orbital

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9
Q

the creanial fossa houses the/…

A

brain

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10
Q

true or false: all bones of the skull are njoined by sutures

A

false, most bones except mandible

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11
Q

what is the purpose of the cranium (2)

A

enclossi and protects the brain

prodives an attachement for muscles of the scal lower jaw, neck and back

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12
Q

what are the 8 bones of the cranium

A 
frontal 
parietal (2)
occipital
temportal (2)
sphenoid
ethmoid
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13
Q

how many frontal boens are there

A

1

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14
Q

how many temporal bones are there

A

2

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15
Q

how many partietal bones are here

A

2

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16
Q

the frotnal bone forms the BLANK part of the slull

A

anterior part

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17
Q

what bone makes up the superior part of the orbit

A

frontal bone

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18
Q

true or falseL the frotnal sinusus are deep to the frontal lobe

A

true

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19
Q

true or false: in the frontal bone, there is a suture

A

false, they are completely fused (o eveidence of a suture)

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20
Q

why is there a supraorbital notch

A

for passaive of nerve and vessel

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21
Q

be able to identify the features of the frontal bonnes

A

supraorbital margin
supraorbital notch/formanen
frontal sinus

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22
Q

what is the funcntion of sinuese (2)

A

1) found where areas are thick, to loghten tthe skull

2) helps give the voice its individual tone (resignated chambers(

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23
Q

which bonnes form the “wall”

A

paritetal bones

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24
Q

the parietal bones form the BLANK aspect of the cramium

A

lateral

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25
Q

where do the [arietal bones joinn

A

join on top of the skull (sag suture)

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26
Q

what suture joins the two parital bones

A

sagital

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27
Q

what suture joints the frontal anf parital bones

A

coronal suture

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28
Q

what suture joins the parietal bones to the occipital bone

A

lambdoidal siture

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29
Q

be able to label the sutures

A

.

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30
Q

the BLANK bone forms the posterior wall and floor of cranium

A

the occipital bone

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31
Q

the foramen magnum is a feature of what bone

A

occipital bone

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32
Q

where does the brain stem excit the skull and become the spinal cord

A

foramen magnum

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33
Q

what do the occipittal condyles areticualte with

A

c1

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34
Q

where is the hypoglossal canal and what does it hold

A

located in in occipical condyls and holds the hypoglossal nerve

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35
Q

you find the superior and inferior nucal lines on what bone

A

occipital

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36
Q

the superior nuchal lines connect to the BLANK

A

external occipital protuberance

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37
Q

be able to label and find the features of the occipital bone

A 
external occipital protuberance
inferior nuchal lines
superior nuchal line
foramen magnum
hypoglossal canal 
occipital condyles
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38
Q

what is the formal name for “soft spots of the skull”

A

fontanells

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39
Q

ehat are fontanelles

A

soft sports that are made of fibrous tissue that allows brain brain expansion (brain devs faster than skull grows)

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40
Q

the temporal bones are below or above parital bones

A

below

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41
Q

where does the temporant bones unite with the parietal bones

A

squamosal suture

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42
Q

what is the name of the ear”hole”

A

external acoustic meatus

43
Q

what is the function of the mandiublar fossa

A

holds the mandible

forms the TMJ joint

44
Q

be able to locate the features of the temporan=l bones

A 
mastoid process
syloid process
stylomastoid foramen
zygomatic process
external accoustic meatus
mandiublar fossa
petrous poriton
internal acousttic meatus 
carotid canal
45
Q

what is the fucntiton of the petrous portion of the temporal bone

A

seperates middle creanial fossa from posterior cranial fossa

protects “ear” stuff

46
Q

what bone is the butterfly shapped bone located centrally

A

sphenoid

47
Q

what bone forms the lower lateral wall of the cranium

A

sphneoid

48
Q

true or false: the snepoid bone forms part of the floor of cranium and posterior wall of the orbit

A

true

49
Q

organize these from anterior to posterior

forament, ovale, rotendium, spinosa

A

rotumdum, ovale, spinose

50
Q

what is held within the sell turcica

A

pituitary gland

51
Q

what does sella turcica mean

A

turkish saddle

52
Q

are the sphenoid sinuese inferior or superior to sell trucica

A

inferior

53
Q

where are the pteryogoid processes found

A

behind the last set of teeth

54
Q

be able to locate and name the features of the sphenoid bone

A 
greater wings
lesser wings
sella turcica
optic foramen 
superior orbital fissure
foramen rotumndun, ovale, spinosum, 
spenoid sinus
phtetygoid process
55
Q

what nerve does the hypoglssal canal hold

A

hypoglossal nerve (CXII)

56
Q

what nerve does the optic foramen hold

A

CII

57
Q

what nerves pass through the superior orbital fissure

A

CIII,CIV,CVi
Ophthalmia
CVI

58
Q

what nerve goes through foremaent rotengium

A

CV2 (maxillary)

59
Q

what nerve goes through foramen oval

A

CV3 mandibular

60
Q

what nerve passes through stylomastoid foramen

A

CVII

61
Q

what nerves pass through internal acoustic meastures

A

CVII

CVIII

62
Q

true or false: the ethmoid bone is deep to the orbital cavity

A

false

nasal cavity

63
Q

the cribiform platte is associated to what bone

A

ethmoid

64
Q

what is the cribifrom plate

A

plate that holds olfactory foramina

65
Q

what is the fucntion of the crista galli

A

goes through frontal lobe and the dural membranes can attach here

66
Q

what makes part of the septum

A

perpendiular plate (and vomer)

67
Q

be able to label featutres of ethmoid

A 
crista galli
cribiform plate
olfavttory foramina
latteral masses (holds ethmiid sinues)
perpndular plate 
middle anf superior nasal concahe and meatus
68
Q

what nerve passes near cribiform plate

A

C1

69
Q

how many of the facial bones are immovable

A

13

70
Q

what is the moveable bone of the facial bones

A

lower jaw (mandibular)

71
Q

what is the function of the facial bones

A

provide msucle attachmentt for msucels that tcontol fascial ecpression and move the jaw

72
Q

wha tbones form the upper jaw

A

maxillar bones

73
Q

the maxillary bones help form what

A

help form floor of orbit, roof of mouth, walls and floor of nasal cavity

74
Q

true or false; thers no sinuese in tthe maxillary bones

A

false tthere are

75
Q

what si the fucntion of the alveolar process

A

holds root of the teeth

76
Q

where does the palatine process atttach to

A

palattine bone

77
Q

be able to locatet and identify features of maxillar

A 
alveolar processes 
palatine process
macillar sinuses
incisive foramen
infraorbital foramen
78
Q

which bone is L shaped

A

palatine bone

79
Q

whoch bone is psoterior to maxillar bone

A

palatine bone

80
Q

the horizontal plates of the palatine form what

A

psoterior roof of the mouth and floor of nasal cavity

81
Q

the vertical plates of the palatine bone form what

A

help form lateral wall of the nasal cavitty

82
Q

which bones from part of cheekbone/orbit

A

zygomatic bones

83
Q

where does the temporal process extend to

A

extends to temporal bone to form xygomattic arch

84
Q

what are the components of the zygomatic arch

A

1) temporal process (zygomatic bone)

2) zygomatic process(temporal bone)

85
Q

which bone is small and rectangular

A

nasal bone

86
Q

where do the nasal bones join and what do they form

A

join at the midline to form the bridge of nose between orbitst

87
Q

true or false, the entire nose is made from nasal bones

A

false, most of nose is made from cartilage plates

88
Q

where are the lacrimal bones located

A

posterior and latteral to nasal and maxillary bones

89
Q

what bone forms the medial portion of orbits wall

A

lacrimal bones

90
Q

where is the vomer locaetd

A

locatted along mudline wihton nasal cavity

91
Q

whatt does the vomer form

A

part of the nasal septum

92
Q

where do they inferior nasal conchae attach

A

to the latteral wall of nasal cavity

93
Q

what forms 3 shelves in the nasal cavity throug hqhich air is channels

A

super middle and inferior nasal conchae

94
Q

what is tthe fucntion of the sup middle and inf conchae

A

helps warm arm (by turbulence)

helps clean aricoming in (from mucous along concha)

95
Q

what is the only moveable bone of the skull

A

mandible

96
Q

where does the condylar process of the mandible articulate

A

with the tempolar bone at the mandibular fossa

97
Q

be able to label and lcoate the features of the mandible

A 
ramus
conduylar process
coronoid porocess
mandibular notch 
mandibular foramen
mandibular angle
alvealolar process
mental foramen
mental protub.
98
Q

what is the common name for chin

A

mental protuberance

99
Q

which bone is considered a unique part of the axial skeleton

A

hyphoid

100
Q

true ro false: the hyphoid bone arrticultes with many bones of the still

A

false, does not articulate with another other bone

101
Q

where is the lcoation of the hyoid bone

A

below mandible above larynx

102
Q

where is the hyoid bone suspended from

A

suspended from styloid process (on temporal bone) by muscles and ligaments

103
Q

what is the fucntion of the hyoid bone

A

supports tongue and provides attachement for some of its muscles

ANATOMY 254 (17 decks)

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