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ANATOMY 254 > lecture 4: muscles of scalp and face > Flashcards

lecture 4: muscles of scalp and face Flashcards

1
Q

what is scalp an acronym for

A 
skin
connective tissue
apeunosris 
loose areolar tissue 
pericranium
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2
Q

what does skin contain

A

sweat and sebaceous glands, abundant arterial supply, good venous and lymphatic drainange

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3
Q

the connective tissue is what lyer

A

highley vascularized subcutaneous layer than is well supplied ith nerves

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4
Q

what is apeunorosis

A

strong tendinous sheet (broad, flat tendon)

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5
Q

what is the loose areolar tissue and wht does it allow

A

it is sponge like and allows movement of skin, connective tissue and aponeurosis

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6
Q

the pericranium forms the…

A

external periosteum of calvaria

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7
Q

what do the msucles of facial expression provide us with

A

the ability to express a wide variety of emotions

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8
Q

where do the msucles of facial exrpsesion lie

A

within the layers of superficial fascia

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9
Q

where do the msucles of facial expression usually originate and insert

A

or: in fascia or bones of the skull
ins: into the skin

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10
Q

what are the most important muslces of the facial expression

A

ones surrounding the orifices of the head(like the eyes, nose and mouth)

-sphinctrs and dialators

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11
Q

glosso means

A

tongue

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12
Q

labi means

A

lip

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13
Q

genio means

A

chin

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14
Q

mylo means

A

mandible

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15
Q

occuli means

A

eye

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16
Q

oris means

A

mouth

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17
Q

sterno means

A

sternum

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18
Q

stylo maeans

A

styloid proces of temporal bone

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19
Q

hyo means

A

hyoid bone

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20
Q

omo means

A

scapula

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21
Q

what is another nakme for occipitofrontalis

A

epicranius

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22
Q

what two muscles make up the occipitofrontalis

A

occipitalis

frontalis

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23
Q

what is the action of the frontalis muscle

A

draws scalp anterior, raises eyebrwos, wrinkles forehead skin horizontally

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24
Q

what is the action of the occpitalis

A

draws scapl posteriorly

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25
Q

true or false: the occpitalis and frontalis are not attached

A

false, attached via apeunorosis

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26
Q

what is the n=informal name for the orbiculariis oris

A

kissing muscle

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27
Q

what is the action of the orbicularis oris

A

closes and protrudes lips, compresses lips against teeth and shapes lips during speech

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28
Q

which is more lateral the zygomaticus major or minor

A

major

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29
Q

what is the function of zygomaticus major (lateral)

A

draws angle of mouth superiorly and laterally as in smiling or laughing

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30
Q

what is the function of zygomaticus minor (medial)

A

elevatets upper lip, exposing maxillary teeth

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31
Q

true or falseL the levator anguli oris is deep to zygomaticus muscles

A

rtue

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32
Q

what ist he action of levator anguli oris

A

pulls the angle of the mouth upwards

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33
Q

what is the action of levator labii superioris

A

elevates upper lip

34
Q

what is the action of depssor labii inferiorid

A

depresses lower lip

35
Q

what is the action of the depressor anguli oris

A

draws angle of mouth laterally and inferiorly as in opening mouth

36
Q

what msucle is deep to risorius

A

buccinator

37
Q

what is the action of the buccinator

A

presses cheeks against teeth and lips (whistiling, blowing, sucking), draws corner of mouth laterally and assissts in mastication by keeping food between teeth ( and not betwen teeth and cheeks)

38
Q

what is the action of mentalis

A

elevates and protrudes lower lip and pulls the skin of the chin up (pouting)

39
Q

what is the action of risorius

A

draws angle of mouth laterally, as in tenseness

40
Q

whta is the action of platysma

A

draws outer part of lower lip inferiorly and psoteriorly (pouting), depresses mandible

41
Q

what nerve innervates the muscles of fascial expression

A

cranial nerve 7

42
Q

what is the action of the orbittcularis oculi

A

closes the eye

43
Q

whata re the 2 divisions of the orbicularis oculi

A

orbital and palpebrae

44
Q

what is the function of the currugator

A

draws eyebrow inferiorly and wirnkles skin of forehead vertically as in frowning

45
Q

what is the action of the procerus

A

Wrinkles the skin between the eyebrows

46
Q

the msucles that move the mandibule are corntrolled what what nerve

A

cranial neve 5

trigenimal

47
Q

what are the 4 muscles taht move the madnible

A

masseter
temporalis
medial and latteral pterygoid

48
Q

what is the action of the masseter

A

Elevate mandible, as in closing mouth, and

retracts mandible

49
Q

what is the action of the temporalis

A

Elevates and retracts mandible

50
Q

what is the action of the medaial pterygoid

A

Elevates and protracts mandible and moves

mandible form side to side

51
Q

what is the function of the lateral pterygoid

A

Protracts mandible, depresses mandible as in

opening mouth, and moves mandible from side to side

52
Q

the muscels of the tongue are innervatied by waht

A

cranial nerve 12 (hypoglossal)

53
Q

what are the 4 muscles of the tongue

A

Genioglossus
• Styloglossus
• Palatoglossus
• Hyoglossus

54
Q

what is the action of the genioglossus

A

Depresses tongue and thrusts it anteriorly

55
Q

what is the action of the styloglossus

A

Elevates tongue and draws it posteriorly

56
Q

what is the action of the palatoglossus

A

Elevates posterior portion of tongue and draws soft

palate down on tongue

57
Q

what is the action of the hyoglossu

A

Depresses tongue and draws down its sides

58
Q

what are the 4 muscles of the floor of the oral cavity

A

Digastric (CN V, VII)
• Stylohyoid (CN VII)
• Mylohyoid (CN V)
• Geniohyoid (CN XII)

59
Q

the disagtric is innervated by…

A

CN V, VII)

60
Q

the stylohyoid is innenrvated by/.//

61
Q

the mylohyoid is innervated by…

62
Q

what is the geniohyoid innnervaited by

63
Q

what is the action of the digastric

A

Elevates hyoid bone and depresses mandible, as in

opening the mouth

64
Q

what is the actionn of the stylohyoid

A

Elevates hyoid bone and draws it posteriorly

65
Q

what is the action of the mylohyoid

A

Elevates hyoid bone and floor of mouth and depresses

mandible

66
Q

what is the action of the geniohyoid

A

Elevates hyoid bone, draws hyoid bone and tongue

anteriorly and depresses mandible

67
Q 
which is the deepest: 
digatstric
stylohyoid
mylohyoid
geniohyoid
A

geniohyoid

68
Q

what is the action of the sternocledimastoid muscle if it is acting billartery

A

Acting bilaterally: flex the cervical portion of vertebral column,
extend head, and elevates sternum during forced inspiration

69
Q

what is the action of the SCM is acting unialterally

A

• Acting unilaterally: laterally flex to the same side and rotate head to side opposite
contracting muscle

70
Q

what is another name for the extrinsic muscles of the larynx

A

infrohyoid

71
Q

what are the 4 extrinsic muscles of the larynx

A

Omohyoid (C1-C3)
• Sternohyoid (C1-C3)
• Sternothyroid (C1-C3)
• Thyrohyoid (CN XII, C1)

72
Q

what is the omohyoid innervated by

73
Q

what is the sternohyoid innervated by

74
Q

what is the sternothyroid innervated by

75
Q

what is the thyrohyoid innervated by

A

CN XII, C1

76
Q

what is the action of the omohyoid and sternohyoid

A

Depresses hyoid bone

77
Q

what si the action of the sternothyeoid

A

Depresses thyroid cartilage of larynx

78
Q

what is the function of the the thyrohyoid

A

Elevates thyroid cartilage and depresses hyoid bone

79
Q

what does general anesthesia result in

A

total relaxion of the genioglossus

80
Q

what does anansteria to

A

causes tognue to fall postteriorly, obstruction airway to lungs

81
Q

how is anestheis

A

avoided by manual jaw thrust or endotrachial intubation

ANATOMY 254 (17 decks)

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