Lecture 7 Flashcards
In a forrest plot, if the CI doesn’t touch the 0 line is there significance?
Yes, it means the effect is significant
Explain a protein structure
-Any class of nitrogenous organic compounds composed of 1 or more amino acid chains
What is a protein joined by?
A peptide bond
What elements are contained in proteins?
Carbon
Hydrogen
Nitrogen
Oxygen
What are the three categories of proteins?
- Indispensable (essential)
- Dispensable (non-essential)
- Conditionally Indispensable
Describe Indispensable proteins
9 amino acids that must come from the diet
Describe Dispensable proteins
5 amino acids that can be made in the body
Describe Conditionally Indispensable proteins
6 amino acids that can be made in the body with sufficient substrate, may have to come from the body
What is the protein AMDR range?
15-25%
On average what % of energy is required to come from protein to cover physiological needs?
10%
What is the USA AMDR for protein?
10-35%
What is the most sourced food containing protein?
Bread, wheat is a protein
In recent studies, evidence has supported protein intake about the RDI. What is said to be the benefit from this?
Beneficial in maintaining muscle function and mobility
When we look at quality of food in terms of protein what 2 factors are we evaluating?
- Essential amino acids, how many are in the food
2. Digestibility, how much protein are we getting out of it
A metric evaluated which protein was the best source whilst taking into account EAA, digestibility, environmental impact?
Soy and chicken breast
What is the Protein Digestibility-Corrected AA Score?
Looks at the mg of a limiting amino acid divided by the mg of amino acid in the reference protein multiplied by true faecal digestibility
mg limiting aa / mg aa in reference protein x true faecal digestibility
What is the Protein Efficiency Ratio?
Weight gain of test subjects divided by intake of food
Weight gain of test subjects / intake of food
What is the Digestible Indispensable AA Score?
Mg of the limiting amino acid divided by the mg of amino acid in the reference protein x ileal digestibility
mg limiting aa / mg of aa in reference protein x ileal digestibility
What is a limited amino acid?
When an essential amino acid is not provided in adequate amounts in the diet protein synthesis is limited to the rate at which the essential amino acid is available
What are the issues with protein quality?
- ‘Quality’ is interpreted as superior but these foods don’t always improve quality of the diet or associations with health
e. g. beef has higher saturated fat - Favours animal proteins however eating a variety of plant protein provides by adequate amounts of essential amino acids.
