Lecture 4

Question 1

Define ingestion

Answer 1

Taking in of food

Question 2

What is the effect of chewing?

Answer 2

Breaks food into smaller pieces

Question 3

How many teeth are in a full adult set?

Answer 3

32

Question 4

What are the functions of the tongue?

Answer 4

Pushing food to the back of the mouth and mixing food with saliva

Question 5

What kind of reflex moves food from the mouth to oesophagus?

Answer 5

Swallowing

Question 6

What causes someone to choke?

Answer 6

When the epiglottis is not closed, food moves into the trachea blocking air

Question 7

What kinds of digestion occur in the stomach?

Answer 7

Chemical and mechanical

Question 8

True of False

Carbohydrates continue to be broken down in the stomach

Answer 8

FALSE

HCL denatures amylase

Question 9

What stimulates the release of gastrin?

Answer 9

Food in the stomach

Question 10

What effect does gastrin have?

Answer 10

Causes release of pepsin and HCL

Question 11

What causes Heartburn?

Answer 11

Acid chyme goes back up the oesophagus

Question 12

True or False

Majority of digestion and absorption occurs in the somach

Answer 12

FALSE

Majority of digestion and absorption occurs in the small intestine

Question 13

What does chyme stimulate the release of?

Answer 13

Secretin from the pancreas

Question 14

What occurs in the large intestine?

Answer 14

• Reabsorption of water and minerals

- Formation and storage of faeces

Question 15

Bowel cancer is the BLANK most common in NZ

Answer 15

2nd

Question 16

What are nutrients absorbed by and where do they travel to?

Answer 16

1. They are absorbed by epithelial cells
2. They travel via the hepatic portal vein
3. To the liver

Question 17

What are large fats and fat-soluble things absorbed by and where do they travel to?

Answer 17

1. Absorbed by the lymph
2. Travel through the lymphatic system
3. Into the blood

Question 18

What happens with Coeliac disease?

Answer 18

• Flattens villi which reduced SA of bowel. This can cause deficiencies
• Hereditary disease
• 80% of people are estimated to be undiagnosed

Question 19

What happens with Chron’s disease?

Answer 19

• Swelling, thickening, inflammation of digestive system
• Most commonly the lower small intestine and colon
• Common symptoms are abdominal pain and diarrhoea