Lecture 4 Flashcards
Define ingestion
Taking in of food
What is the effect of chewing?
Breaks food into smaller pieces
How many teeth are in a full adult set?
32
What are the functions of the tongue?
Pushing food to the back of the mouth and mixing food with saliva
What kind of reflex moves food from the mouth to oesophagus?
Swallowing
What causes someone to choke?
When the epiglottis is not closed, food moves into the trachea blocking air
What kinds of digestion occur in the stomach?
Chemical and mechanical
True of False
Carbohydrates continue to be broken down in the stomach
FALSE
HCL denatures amylase
What stimulates the release of gastrin?
Food in the stomach
What effect does gastrin have?
Causes release of pepsin and HCL
What causes Heartburn?
Acid chyme goes back up the oesophagus
True or False
Majority of digestion and absorption occurs in the somach
FALSE
Majority of digestion and absorption occurs in the small intestine
What does chyme stimulate the release of?
Secretin from the pancreas
What occurs in the large intestine?
- Reabsorption of water and minerals
- Formation and storage of faeces
Bowel cancer is the BLANK most common in NZ
2nd
What are nutrients absorbed by and where do they travel to?
- They are absorbed by epithelial cells
- They travel via the hepatic portal vein
- To the liver
What are large fats and fat-soluble things absorbed by and where do they travel to?
- Absorbed by the lymph
- Travel through the lymphatic system
- Into the blood
What happens with Coeliac disease?
- Flattens villi which reduced SA of bowel. This can cause deficiencies
- Hereditary disease
- 80% of people are estimated to be undiagnosed
What happens with Chron’s disease?
- Swelling, thickening, inflammation of digestive system
- Most commonly the lower small intestine and colon
- Common symptoms are abdominal pain and diarrhoea