Lecture 6: Legumes Flashcards
_____ is C4 plants with super-rapid growth, very suitable for warm, arid climates. Each plant produces >1,000,000 seeds
Amaranthus
The protein is ______ and rich in ____ for Amaranthus.
13-18%, lysine
where was amaranth domesticated?
Aztecs, 4000 BC Domesticated in Mexico, Central and South America.
_____ was domesticated by the Inca in the Andes of Columbia, Ecuador, Bolivia and Peru ca. 3,000 to 4,000 years ago.
Quinioa
What is considered the “mother of all grains”?
Quinoa
_____ have flowers that are zygomorphic, 5 free petals and there fruit is a pod
Fabaceae
True or False: Because of the presence of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, the cultivation of legumes enriches the soil.
True
True or False: Legumes were also domesticated on different continents
True, Vigna sp (E Asia) Cick-peas, Peas, Lentils (Fertile Crescent) Lima beans (Mesoamerica and Andes) Beans (Mexico)
What is the development of the fruit of peanuts called?
Geocarpy
What happens during geocarpy?
After fertilization, the flower pedicel elongates and flowers are pushed underground where the fruit, an indehiscent pod, will develop.
Where and when were peanuts domesticated and cultivated?
Domesticated and cultivated in Peru and Ecuador by the Incas ca. 3,000-3,500 y.a
______ was invented and patented by a Canadian, Marcellus Edson
Peanut butter
The protein of ______ is regarded as complete; high in lysine and other essential amino acids.
Soybeans
Why are raw soybeans toxic?
1) trypsin, which is a digestive enzyme responsible for the digestions of proteins;
2) lectins, glycoproteins which impair nutrient absorption (particularly of carbohydrates) or even cause cell death in the gastrointestinal tract.
Where and when were soybeans domesticated?
soybeans were domesticated in N. China about 5,500 y.a. Soybeans were also domesticated independently in S Korea and Japan ca. 4,000 years ago
