Lecture 27: Hallucinogenic Plants 3

Question 1

______ “spirit molecule” is structurally analogous to serotonin and it binds non-selectively to several serotonin receptors (primarily agonists of the 5-HT2A receptor).

Answer 1

DMT

Question 2

_______ mg = < 15-20 minute intoxication

Answer 2

10 to 20 mg

Question 3

Approximately ______ oral ingestion + an MAO (monoamine oxidase inhibitor) = 3-4 hour intoxication

Answer 3

100 mg

Question 4

What are the 3 most profound altered state of consciousness associated with DMT?

Answer 4

Profound time-dilation, most commonly visual hallucinations, alleged journeys to paranormal realms, and encounters with strange beings (“machine elves” or “angels”).

bodily dissociation; experiences of euphoria, calm, fear, and anxiety.

Ego dissolution

Question 5

What are the 3 types of grasses that contain small amounts of DMT?

Answer 5

Phragmites spp. reeds

Digitaria spp. crabgrass spp

Phalaris spp. Canary-grass spp.

Question 6

What are the two components of ayahuasca?

Answer 6

Banisteriopsis spp, contains MAO, “The force”

Psychotria viridis, Contains DMT, “the light”

Question 7

______ is an enzyme that metabolizes monoamines, such as serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine.

Answer 7

Monoamine oxidase (MAO)

Question 8

_____ is a abortifacient

Answer 8

Peganum harmala (Syrian rue)

Question 9

What are the two common types of MAO?

Answer 9

Peganum harmala,

Passiflora sp.

Question 10

True or False: The mescaline plant has chemicals similar to dopamine and serotonin

Answer 10

True

Question 11

True or False: Intoxication of mescaline similar to that from DMT, LSD or psilocybin

Answer 11

True

Question 12

______ potent effect described as “deep introspection and insight” and your high last _____ hours.

Answer 12

3mg/kg

Up to 8 to 10 hour duration

Question 13

_______ religion consists of four principal deities: the trinity of Corn, Blue Deer, Peyote, and the Eagle.

Answer 13

Huichol

Question 14

____ is one of the most common ornamental group of cacti and is used in healing ceremonies by Peruvian shamans.

Answer 14

Trichocereus

Question 15

What is the family of the 3 types of lysergic acid plants?

Answer 15

Morning Glory

Ipomoea spp., Turbina corymbosa, Argyreia nervosa - Hawaiian Baby Woodrose

Question 16

What two species of lysergic acid plants come from the aztec ololiuqui?

Answer 16

Ipomoea spp., Turbina corymbosa

Question 17

True or False: Hawaiian baby woodrose is not from hawaii

Answer 17

true, first in india

Question 18

_____ has 5-10g of seeds ingested, ___ has 1-10 seeds ingested, ____ has 4-8 seed ingested

Answer 18

ipomoea spp.,

Turbina corymbosa,

Argyreia nervosa - Hawaiian Baby Woodrose

Question 19

______ is a fungus grows on rye and other cereals, and produces alkaloids that can cause ______ in humans and other mammals who consume contaminated grains for a long time. (Lysergic acid amide)

Answer 19

Ergot, ergotism

Question 20

______ poisoning caused convulsions , seizures and spasms, psychosis symptoms which were often interpreted as devil possession

Answer 20

Ergot

Question 21

True or False: Ergotism was proposed as an explanation of the Salem’s witchcraft accusations during the Salem’s witch trial.

Answer 21

True

Question 22

Hallucinations caused by ______ are due to disruptions in the normal pathways of sensory stimulation are very different:

Answer 22

LA and LSD

Question 23

True or False: LSD does not create physical addiction but rather a psychological dependence

Answer 23

True

Question 24

What are the 4 visual effects of LA and LSD?

Answer 24

• Intensification of color and brightness (shiny and sparkling)
• Moving colorful geometrical patterns (especially when closing the eyes)
• Moving of static surfaces (pulsating or breathing objects or surfaces)
• Objects acquire new textures or become animate

Question 25

What are the 2 auditory effects if LSD and LA?

Answer 25

Echo-like distortions of sounds,

intensification of music experience.

Question 26

True or False: Higher doses often cause intense and fundamental distortions of sensory perception and the experience of additional spatial or temporal dimensions.

Answer 26

True

Question 27

True or False: Salvia divinorum is only propagated vegetatively and in cultivation, it does not produce seeds.

Answer 27

True

Question 28

What are the physiological effects of salvia divinorum?

Answer 28

κ-opioid agonist & Dopamine (D2) receptor antagonist

Question 29

______ was used by Mazatec shamans (Oaxaca, Mexico) for divination, healing, and meditation.

Answer 29

Salvia divinorum

Maria Sabina

Question 30

Since when has salvia been banned?

Answer 30

Since Aug 2015 Salvia divinorum was placed on

Schedule IV of the Controlled Drugs and Substances Act.

Question 31

What are the 6 common effects of salvia divinorum?

Answer 31

Temporal distortion (e.g. revisiting memories)

Sensations of being pulled or twisted by forces

Visions of various two-dimensional surfaces

Merging with or becoming objects or creatures

Overlapping realities
Impairment of coordination

Question 32

What 5 things are being renewed in studies about the use of psychedelics treating illnesses?

Answer 32

addiction;

depression;

anxiety;

posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD);

terminal stages of various diseases.