Lecture 5 - Big 5 traits, personality disorders and character virtues (September 17) Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the definition of a personality disorder

A

LASTING, stable maladaptive pattern of behaviour and inner experience that markedly deviates from a person’s culture and is manifested in areas such as inappropriate emotions and cognitions, lack of impulse control, and chronic deficiencies in interpersonal functioning

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2
Q

when are personality disorders recognizable

A

by childhood or adolescent and continues throughout most of adult life

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3
Q

where are personalty disorders significant

A

in long term impairment in work and relationships

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4
Q

What is the capsule summary of narcissistic

A

grandiosity, lack of empathy, need for admiration

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5
Q

Of the 9 possible symptoms of narcissism, how many do you need to be diagnosed with it

A

5

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6
Q

what are the some symptoms of narcissism

A
  • reacts to criticism with anger, shame or humiliation - is easily hurt and rejected
  • may take advantage of others to reach his or her own goal
  • tends to exaggerate their own importance, achievements and talents
  • requires constant attention and positive reinforcement from others
  • lacks empathy and disregards the feelings of others
  • obsessed with oneself
  • mainly pursues selfish goals and or unrealistic
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7
Q

what kind of approach is axis 1 diagnostic

A

categorical (for sever depression, etc there are treatments done and it is very clear is someone has it or not)

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8
Q

what kind of approach is axis 2 diagnostics

A

personality disorders come in

a continuous kind of thing not necessarily and categorical

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9
Q

Research indicates that the Axis-2 diagnostic categories for personality disorders may be classifiable in terms of what

A

the five factors

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10
Q

McCrae & Costa 2009 say that Research indicates that the Axis-2 diagnostic categories for personality disorders may be classifiable in terms of the five factors
what are they

A

Schizoid disorders are closely related to Introversion.
Histrionic disorder is closely related to Extroversion.
Dependent disorder is closely related to high Agreeableness.
Antisocial disorder is closely related to high Quarrelsomeness.
Individuals high in C seem to be prone to compulsive disorders.

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11
Q

which of the below does the prof think is wrong
Schizoid disorders are closely related to Introversion.
Histrionic disorder is closely related to Extroversion.
Dependent disorder is closely related to high Agreeableness.
Antisocial disorder is closely related to high Quarrelsomeness.
Individuals high in C seem to be prone to compulsive disorders.

A

Histrionic disorder is closely related to Extroversion
Dependent disorder is closely related to high Agreeableness
Individuals high in C seem to be prone to compulsive disorders

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12
Q

which is the only trait that does not seem to have a clear link with personality disorders

A

openness

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13
Q

Personality disorders may involve unique combinations of what

A

dispositional traits (Level 1), personal concerns (Level 2) and internalized life stories (Level 3)

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14
Q

rather than relying on a categorical system that can be traced to the 1900’s, what do researchers suggest

A

a dimensional personality disorder diagnosis

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15
Q

what is included with dimensional personality disorder diagnosis

A

FFM has amassed considerable body of empirical support:
Cross-cultural validity
Childhood antecedents
Temporal stability
Predictable life course.
Highly predictive of positive and negative life outcomes
Multivariate behavioral genetics (& even molecular genetic support for N).
Neurobiological correlates

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16
Q

what are the Problems with categorical system

A

Unreliability

Heterogeneity within categories

17
Q

what does the dimensional approach offer

A

Elements of personality functioning

Extremity on pathological personality domains

18
Q

with the dimensional model, what do the psychologists first assess the patient on to then go on and proceed with diagnosing

A

starts with self– doe they have a sense of self and identity, self direction (goals)?
then interpersonal– can they be empathetic, do they have connections with other people

19
Q

if the client has enough evidence of issues to pass the first stage of the dimensional approach, what is then assessed

A

Criterion B: Pathological personality domains
like the big 5 lexical way of categorizing, used all the negative terms to describe personality, and narrowed it down to 5

20
Q

what are the 5 factors of Criterion B: Pathological personality domains

A
Negative affectivity (vs emotional)
detachment (vs extraversion)
antagonism (vs agreeableness) basically saying things that pop into your head 
dishibition (vs conscientiousness)
psychotics (vs lucidity)
21
Q

do the big 5 and extreme personality traits overlap?

A

for 4 of the 5 they do

Openness to experience did NOT

22
Q

The fifth domain, openness, intellect, or unconventionality describes what

A

reflects a culture or society’s interest in creativity, intellect, and imagination, contrasting being open-minded, unusual, odd, weird, creative, peculiar, and unconventional with being closedminded, practical, conventional, and rigid.

23
Q

how many personality disorders are ‘official’

A
6
antisocial
borderline
avoidant
schizotypal
narcissistic
obsessive compulsive
24
Q

what is positive psychology

A

a movement which says that psychology has focused only on the negative end of traits, so this would focus on the positive aspects

A core characteristic that is universally valued.
Positive Psychology focuses on six overarching virtues underpinned by 24 ‘character strengths

25
Q

what do Seligman & Peterson 2004 propose for positive psychology

A

a new list which focuses on positives
A core characteristic that is universally valued.
Positive Psychology focuses on six overarching virtues underpinned by 24 ‘character strengths’.

26
Q

does the prof think that the core characteristic that is universally valued.
Positive Psychology focuses on six overarching virtues underpinned by 24 ‘character strengths’ is accurate

A

no