Lecture 5 - Big 5 traits, personality disorders and character virtues (September 17)

Question 1

what is the definition of a personality disorder

Answer 1

LASTING, stable maladaptive pattern of behaviour and inner experience that markedly deviates from a person’s culture and is manifested in areas such as inappropriate emotions and cognitions, lack of impulse control, and chronic deficiencies in interpersonal functioning

Question 2

when are personality disorders recognizable

Answer 2

by childhood or adolescent and continues throughout most of adult life

Question 3

where are personalty disorders significant

Answer 3

in long term impairment in work and relationships

Question 4

What is the capsule summary of narcissistic

Answer 4

grandiosity, lack of empathy, need for admiration

Question 5

Of the 9 possible symptoms of narcissism, how many do you need to be diagnosed with it

Answer 5

5

Question 6

what are the some symptoms of narcissism

Answer 6

• reacts to criticism with anger, shame or humiliation - is easily hurt and rejected
• may take advantage of others to reach his or her own goal
• tends to exaggerate their own importance, achievements and talents
• requires constant attention and positive reinforcement from others
• lacks empathy and disregards the feelings of others
• obsessed with oneself
• mainly pursues selfish goals and or unrealistic

Question 7

what kind of approach is axis 1 diagnostic

Answer 7

categorical (for sever depression, etc there are treatments done and it is very clear is someone has it or not)

Question 8

what kind of approach is axis 2 diagnostics

Answer 8

personality disorders come in

a continuous kind of thing not necessarily and categorical

Question 9

Research indicates that the Axis-2 diagnostic categories for personality disorders may be classifiable in terms of what

Answer 9

the five factors

Question 10

McCrae & Costa 2009 say that Research indicates that the Axis-2 diagnostic categories for personality disorders may be classifiable in terms of the five factors
what are they

Answer 10

Schizoid disorders are closely related to Introversion.
Histrionic disorder is closely related to Extroversion.
Dependent disorder is closely related to high Agreeableness.
Antisocial disorder is closely related to high Quarrelsomeness.
Individuals high in C seem to be prone to compulsive disorders.

Question 11

which of the below does the prof think is wrong
Schizoid disorders are closely related to Introversion.
Histrionic disorder is closely related to Extroversion.
Dependent disorder is closely related to high Agreeableness.
Antisocial disorder is closely related to high Quarrelsomeness.
Individuals high in C seem to be prone to compulsive disorders.

Answer 11

Histrionic disorder is closely related to Extroversion
Dependent disorder is closely related to high Agreeableness
Individuals high in C seem to be prone to compulsive disorders

Question 12

which is the only trait that does not seem to have a clear link with personality disorders

Answer 12

openness

Question 13

Personality disorders may involve unique combinations of what

Answer 13

dispositional traits (Level 1), personal concerns (Level 2) and internalized life stories (Level 3)

Question 14

rather than relying on a categorical system that can be traced to the 1900’s, what do researchers suggest

Answer 14

a dimensional personality disorder diagnosis

Question 15

what is included with dimensional personality disorder diagnosis

Answer 15

FFM has amassed considerable body of empirical support:
Cross-cultural validity
Childhood antecedents
Temporal stability
Predictable life course.
Highly predictive of positive and negative life outcomes
Multivariate behavioral genetics (& even molecular genetic support for N).
Neurobiological correlates

Question 16

what are the Problems with categorical system

Answer 16

Unreliability

Heterogeneity within categories

Question 17

what does the dimensional approach offer

Answer 17

Elements of personality functioning

Extremity on pathological personality domains

Question 18

with the dimensional model, what do the psychologists first assess the patient on to then go on and proceed with diagnosing

Answer 18

starts with self– doe they have a sense of self and identity, self direction (goals)?
then interpersonal– can they be empathetic, do they have connections with other people

Question 19

if the client has enough evidence of issues to pass the first stage of the dimensional approach, what is then assessed

Answer 19

Criterion B: Pathological personality domains
like the big 5 lexical way of categorizing, used all the negative terms to describe personality, and narrowed it down to 5

Question 20

what are the 5 factors of Criterion B: Pathological personality domains

Answer 20

Negative affectivity (vs emotional)
detachment (vs extraversion)
antagonism (vs agreeableness) basically saying things that pop into your head 
dishibition (vs conscientiousness)
psychotics (vs lucidity)

Question 21

do the big 5 and extreme personality traits overlap?

Answer 21

for 4 of the 5 they do

Openness to experience did NOT

Question 22

The fifth domain, openness, intellect, or unconventionality describes what

Answer 22

reflects a culture or society’s interest in creativity, intellect, and imagination, contrasting being open-minded, unusual, odd, weird, creative, peculiar, and unconventional with being closedminded, practical, conventional, and rigid.

Question 23

how many personality disorders are ‘official’

Answer 23

6
antisocial
borderline
avoidant
schizotypal
narcissistic
obsessive compulsive

Question 24

what is positive psychology

Answer 24

a movement which says that psychology has focused only on the negative end of traits, so this would focus on the positive aspects

A core characteristic that is universally valued.
Positive Psychology focuses on six overarching virtues underpinned by 24 ‘character strengths

Question 25

what do Seligman & Peterson 2004 propose for positive psychology

Answer 25

a new list which focuses on positives
A core characteristic that is universally valued.
Positive Psychology focuses on six overarching virtues underpinned by 24 ‘character strengths’.

Question 26

does the prof think that the core characteristic that is universally valued.
Positive Psychology focuses on six overarching virtues underpinned by 24 ‘character strengths’ is accurate

Answer 26

no