Lecture 18 What does it mean to be autonomous November 7 Flashcards
what is the definition of autonomy
Autonomy means to behave with a sense of volition, willingness, and congruence, thus acting according to one’s true feelings
if we function autonomously, then we endorse the actions we are doing
what are some of the observational parent-child studies of autonomy and attachment
experiment where child is left in a room with stranger or new environment; can measure level of security based on reactions
Mother observed; sensitivity and autonomy (does mother detach herself)
child: attachment, mastery and exploration
what should a mother be to a child
both secure base and a safe haven.
what are the key observations of autonomy
mastery and exploration are key indicators
what do each of the following responses show?
Senerio; you have been offered a new position in a company where you have worked for some time. The first question that is likely to come to mind is;
a- I wonder if the new work will be interesting
b- will I make more money at this position
c- what if I can’t live up to the new responsibility
a- autonomy orientation
b- guided by extrinsic features
c- impersonal response
what are The three orientations of behaviours
autonomous
controlled
impersonal
explain Autonomous behaviors:
initiated and regulated volitionally based on an awareness of one’s needs and integrated goals.
how is Autonomous behaviors related to the big 5
it isnt
explain Controlled behaviors:
initiated and regulated by controls in the environment such as reward structures or internally controlling imperatives indicating how one “should” or “must” behave.
how is Controlled behaviors related to the big 5
it isnt
explain Impersonal behaviors
are those whose initiation and
regulation are perceived to be beyond intentional control.
how are Impersonal behaviors related to the big 5
correlated with neuroticism and dominance
what are Impersonal behaviors an example of
external locus of control
is autonomy behaviour common
not very
Hallmark of Autonomy: Integrated Functioning
Integrated functioning in what 3 areas:
when higher in autonomy motivations, higher in personality
emotional
social
what is integration
how the three parts work together (personality social and emotional)
Coherence and unity in one’s
personality and experience
derives from being aware and non-defensive
explain Personality integration
higher autonomy equals higher
Trait consistency
Attitude-behavior consistency
Implicit/explicit motive consistency
explain how people with higher autonomy do emotional integration
they can recall negative and positive memories equally as well– they do not push it from their mind like most people do; they have capacity to deal with experiences
what are the 2 categories of social integration
general and intimate relationships
higher autonomy does what for relationships
they are complimentary; higher autonomy = more satisfying and intimate relationships
how does autonomy interact with relationships
it eight regulates nor conflicts wit the human need for relatedness. rather, it allows for more open and honest interpersonal experience
higher autonomy = higher interactions, tone of interactions positive and higher disclosure
key to interactions is that if there is disclosure; intimacy is dependent on disclosure; contingencies (only self disclose with people you know well and if the other discloses with you)
wha is the current definition of autonomy
Autonomy means to behave with a sense of volition, willingness, and congruence, thus acting according to one’s true feelings
is this definition of autonomy okay?
to resist influence or coercion; to defy an authority or to seek freedom in a new place. To strive for independence”
no, that is an old way of thinking… more pseudo autonomy
Murray’s Autonomy relates to:
resistance to influence
a strong dislike of work environments that encourage supportiveness and teamwork.
what is the better definition of autonomy
ryan 1993– Autonomy does not entail ‘being subject to no external influences’ (e.g., parents, teachers, public figures). There is no possible world that is without external influences. The issue is whether following such influences reflects mere obedience or coercion versus a reflective valuing of the direction or guidance that these inputs provide. It is in the subjective assent to some inputs and not others that the question of autonomy becomes meaningful.“
what were the results of the Koestner & Losier (1996)
Study 1: Examined Relations Among Two Forms of Autonomy in
100 women and 50 men.
Four Key Results:
1. Reactive and Reflective Autonomy are uncorrelated.
2. There were opposite sex differences for the two forms of
Autonomy.
3. Interesting Relations to other scales on GCOS
**Reactive autonomy is positively related to a Control Orientation.
4) Interesting relations to Big 5 Traits
men had higher pseudo-autonomy and women had more real autonomy
what are the two types of autonomy
Reactive Autonomy (pseudo) Reflective (real)
how is Reactive Autonomy (pseudo) related to the big 5
positive correlation with E and O
negative correlation with A
how is Reflective (real) autonomy related to the big 5
not
how do people high is reactive autonomy interact with authority
not well
how do people high is reactive autonomy interact with non-authority
well
how do people high is reflective autonomy interact with authority
well
how do people high is reflective autonomy interact with non-authority
not well
what are the Results Race Track Study: Reliance on Experts when making pick for pseudo and real autonomy
real trusted credible sources
pseudo did not follow the credible sources suggestions
