Lecture 15 Psychosocial Stages and the Struggle for Identity October 29

Question 1

what are Erikson’s Psychosocial Stages

Answer 1

7
Erikson’s Psychosocial Stages
 1. Trust (- 1st year of life.)
 2. Autonomy ( - age 2)
 3. Initiative (- age 4-5)
 4. Industry (- childhood to mid-adolescence.)
 5. Identity (- late adolescence/young adulthood)
 6. Intimacy (- young adulthood)
 7. Generativity ( - midlife)
 8. Integrity (- old age)

Question 2

what is Identity according to McAdams

Answer 2

“Identity is mainly about exploring and ultimately committing to specific life goals and values for the long haul. It is about choosing what sort of career goals to pursue, and deciding the most important values in your life, now that you are on the brink of becoming an adult.

Where is your life going? Who do you wish to become?

Question 3

what is James Marcia Research Approach (identity formation consists of what)

Answer 3

exploration

commitment

Question 4

explain James Marcia’s Exploration

Answer 4

genuinely looking at and experimenting with alternative beliefs and directions.

Question 5

explain James Marcia’s Commitment

Answer 5

choosing to pursue certain roles and outlooks that define how you see yourself fitting into adult world

Question 6

what are Two crucial areas for identity formation

Answer 6

occupational goals
personal ideology (political and religious beliefs)

Question 7

what are the 3 key features

Answer 7

diffusion
foreclosure
moratorium
achievement

Question 8

what is diffusion

Answer 8

alienated and isolated; distant from parents.

Apathy & Dysphoria

Question 9

what is foreclosure

Answer 9

goal-directed, very close to family, choose similar friends

Confidence & Sureness

Question 10

what is moratorium

Answer 10

preoccupied and struggling; marked ambivalence toward parents

Anxiety & Doubt

Question 11

what is achievement

Answer 11

trust themselves; able to explain their choices, view parents in a balanced way

Reflective Confidence

Question 12

explain the Self-esteem study and the results

Answer 12

Self-esteem measured before and after doing concept formation task (measured change in SE)

 “Test relates to intelligence and success in school.” (measures Diffusion and foreclosure)

 “You have solved the 5 of the 7 problems better (or worse) than national norms” (measures moratorium and achievement)

Question 13

how does identity change over

Answer 13

60% stable; 20% progress; 10% regress; Studies over 4 years…

Question 14

how to get from identity to intimacy

Answer 14

“It is only after a reasonable sense of identity has been established that real intimacy with another person is possible.”

Question 15

what are the Intimacy Status Categories

Answer 15

isolate
stereotyped
pre-intimate
intimate

Question 16

explain isolate

Answer 16

lacks enduring personal relationships

Question 17

explain stereotyped

Answer 17

Rels lack depth.

Question 18

explain pre-intimate

Answer 18

Friends but not commitment

Question 19

explain intimate

Answer 19

Commitment and mutuality

Question 20

Problematic personality traits may reflect what

Answer 20

developmental struggle