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Biocheem > Lecture 5 > Flashcards

Lecture 5 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the sugar portion of RNA?

A

Ribose

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2
Q

What is the sugar portion of DNA?

A

Deoxyribose

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3
Q

What forms Nucleosides?

A

Purine and Pyrimidine bases linked to a five-carbon sugar

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4
Q

Which Nitrogen is the sugar on in Pyrimidines?

A

N1

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5
Q

Which Nitrogen is the sugar on in Purines?

A

N9

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6
Q

What are carbons in the sugar rings numbered to make them distinct from the numbering of the base?

A

They have a prime (‘)

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6
Q

What are carbons in the sugar rings numbered to make them distinct from the numbering of the base?

A

They have a prime (‘)

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7
Q

What is the difference between ribose and deoxyribose?

A

Ribose has a hydroxyl group at 2’ and deoxyribose doesn’t

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8
Q

How are the purine nucleosides named?

A

They gain the suffix -osine and depending on whether or not they are attached to s deoxyribose or ribose will gain the prefix deoxy-

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9
Q

What is the adenine nucleoside called?

A
  • Adenosine

* Deoxyadenosine

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10
Q

What is the Guanine nucleoside known as?

A
  • Guanosine

* Deoxyguanosine

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11
Q

How are Pyrimidine nucleosides named?

A

They gain the -idine suffix and depending on whether or not they are dna or rna will have a deoxy- prefix

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12
Q

How is the Cytosine nucleoside names?

A
  • Cytidine

* Deoxycytidine

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13
Q

How is the Thymine nucleoside named?

A
  • Deoxythymidine

* Ribothymidine

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14
Q

How is the Uracil nucleoside named?

A

•Uridine

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15
Q

Where does the phosphate group of a nucleotide attacher?

A

To the 5’ carbon

16
Q

What is the difference between a nucleotide compared to a nucleoside?

A

Nucleotides have the phosphate group

17
Q

How are nucleotides named?

A

nucleoside + where the phosphate group is attached ex. 5’ + number of phosphates

18
Q

What are Nucleic acids?

A

Polymers of nucleotides linked by 3’-5’ phosphodiester bonds

19
Q

What are nucleotides in Nucleic acids linked by?

A

3’ - 5’ Phosphodiester bonds

20
Q

What color is oxygen usually?

A

Red

21
Q

What color are nitrogen atoms?

A

Blue

22
Q

What are Residues?

A

Nucleotides joined by phosphodiesters

23
Q

What are ester bonds created by?

A

The condensation of a carboxylic acid with a hydroxyl group

24
Q

What does a Phosphoester bond do?

A

Joins a phosphate to a carbon

25
Q

What is a Phosphodiester?

A

When we get two separate carbon containing molecules to the same phosphate

26
Q

Where does the Phosphodiester attach to the 5 carbon sugar?

A

The 3’ and 5’ carbon

27
Q

What do Phosphoanhydrides do?

A

Connect two phosphates together

28
Q

In which order are nucleotide sequences written?

A

From 5’ to 3’

Biocheem (38 decks)

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