Lecture 4 - Sport Injury and Healing Process Flashcards
What is sport injury?
tissue damage/derangement of normal physical function due to participation in sports, generally due to external forces
What are the different modes of onset of a injury?
Acute, repetitive gradual onset, repetitive sudden onset
What are soft tissue injuries?
cartilage injuries, muscle injuries, tendon injuries and ligament injuries
What are skeletal injuries?
bone fractures or other bone injuries
What is articular cartilage?
flexible cartilage that provides smooth surface for joint movement. found at end of bones
What is fibrocartilage?
tough cartilage that is able to absorb loads (discs of the spine, meniscus)
What does a tendon connect?
Muscle to bone
What is a enthesis?
Junction between a tendon and a bone
What does a ligament join?
2 bones together
What tissue is sprained?
ligament
What tissue is teared?
ligament, muscle, tendon
What tissue is strained?
tendon, muscle
What tissue is ruptured?
internal organ, tendon, muscle, ligament
What are the 3 components of the stress-strain curve?
Stiffness: ability of a tissue to resist load
Yield point: indicates the limit of elastic behaviour and the beginning of plastic behaviour
Creep: deformation in the shape/properties of a tissue that occurs under the influence of persistent mechanical stress
What are the 4 stages of wound healing and what do they do?
- Hemostasis: stop the leak
- process to prevent and stop bleeding when injury occurs (results in formation of a clot) - Inflammation: clean up
- defensive response of tissue to a physical or chemical injury or bacterial infection - Proliferation: Rebuild
- angiogenesis
- fibroblast migration
- epithelialization
- wound retraction - Remodelling: Increase tissue strength
Name some important factors in wound healing:
- nutrition
- hypoxia
- infection
- immunosuppression
- chronic disease
- wound management
- age
- genetics
- surgical technique
What are the goals of early treatment of acute soft tissue injury?
- limit bleeding
- limit swelling
- relieve pain
- improve conditions for subsequent treatment and healing
Which part of PEACE and LOVE is for the acute stage?
PEACE
What does PEACE and LOVE stand for?
P - protect
E - elevate
A - avoing anti-inflammatories
C - compress
E - education
L - Load
O - optimism
V - vascularization
E - excercises
What is the main difference between PEACE and LOVE and PRICE and POLICE?
price and police method includes the use of ice. we want to avoid ice in the acute stage as it slows down inflammation and thus slows down healing
What should we avoid during the acute stage?
avoid making the injury worse (DO NO HARM)
