Lecture 10 - Common Injuries In Sport Flashcards
What is the apophyseal?
where the tendons/ligaments attach to the bone (part of growth plate)
What is apophysitis? Mechanisms and treatments?
traction injury caused by repetitve stress that causes irritation and inflammation
treatment: stop doing whatever makes it hurt
What are the common types of apophysitis?
- Severs (calcaneus)
- Osgood-Schlatter (tibial tuberosity)
- little league elbow (medial epicondyle
What is synovitis?
Inflammation of synovial membrane in joints
What is chondropathy
Affects cartilage, more common in females
What is fasciitis?
Inflammation of fascia (connective tissue that surrounds muscle and blood vessels)
Plantar faciitis: cause, risk factor, treatment.
Cause: overuse, improper footwear or biomechanical issues
Risk higher after period of inactivity
treated conservatively
What is chronic compartment syndrome?
exercise (repetitive impact activity and overloading) induced condition of muscle that causes swelling and increased pressure in muscle compartment causing reduced blood flow and pain
What are signs and symptoms of chronic compartment syndrome and how do we treat it?
Signs + symptoms: aching, burning, tightness, numbness, weakness
Treatment: conservative
What is bursitis?
Inflammation of bursa
What causes bursistis? What are signs + symptoms, and how do we treat it?
Cause: overuse/repetitive movements, prolonged pressure, or direct blow
Signs + symptoms: pain during movement, swelling of bursa
treat conservatively
What is low back pain in adult athletes related too?
muscle tissue loading and disc
What are some risk factors for LBP in adult athletes?
- previous back injury
- family history of LBD
- anatomical structure of spine
- improper technique
- sleep deficits
- nicotine use
- overloading structures of the spine
stress
Explain degenerative disc disease (DDD):
- due to heavy stress to the spine
- intervertebral disc wears down
- pain, stiffness, reduced ROM
- radiating pain to the arms or legs, numbness, tingling, weakness
- treatment: conservative
What is an avulsion fracture? Signs + symptoms, high risk sports, treatment.
Tendon or ligament pulls off a piece of bone from attachment point
- sudden pain, pop, swelling, loss of function
High risk sports: gymnastics, soccer, track, football
conservative or surgical treatment
What tissue is damaged in a lateral ankle sprain?
anterior talofibular ligament
posterior talofibular ligament
calcaneofibular ligament
peroneal tendons
What is the mechanism for a lateral ankle sprain?
Sudden excessive supination or inversion (130-180 ms after contact)
What tissues can be damaged with a medial ankle sprain?
- deltoid ligament
- sometimes combination with malleolar fracture or syndesmosis
- tibialis posterior and teo flexor tendons
What is the mechanism for a medial ankle sprain?
excessive eversion
Does a medial or lateral ankle sprain take longer to heal?
Medial
What tissue is damaged in a high ankle sprain (syndesmosis injury)?
syndesmosis ligaments that connect tibia and fibula
sometimes rupture of anterior tibiofibular ligament
What is the mechanism for a high ankle sprain?
forced external rotation
What are complications of ankle sprains?
- increased risk for re-injury
- unstable joint (chronic ankle instability)
- ankle joint osteoarthritis
- persistent pain
