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Physio 202 Lecture > Lecture 38 Unit 5 > Flashcards

Lecture 38 Unit 5 Flashcards

1
Q

where does fertilization occur

A

ampulla of fallopian tube

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2
Q

what do the fimbriae do

A

collect ovum

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3
Q

what happens in the ovary

A

ovum and hormone production

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4
Q

what happens in the uterus

A

implantation and contraction

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5
Q

what are germ cells called

A

oogonia

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6
Q

what do oogonia turn into when they undergo mitosis

A

primary oocytes

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7
Q

are any oocytes produced after brith

A

no

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8
Q

how many oocytes are present at birth? at puberty?

A

birth- 200,000 to 2 million

puberty- 40,000

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9
Q

how many oocytes will mature and be ovulated

A

400

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10
Q

what happens each month

A

hormone release causes several follicles to begin maturing but only one secondary oocyte completes maturation and is ovulated

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11
Q

what does the secondary oocyte become when it is fertilized by a sperm

A

a zygote

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12
Q

what happens if no fertilization occurs

A

the oocyte dies

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13
Q

what does each follicle consists of

A

oocyte and follicular cells

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14
Q

what does a developing follicle contain

A

single maturing oocyte

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15
Q

what is a follicle

A

primary endocrine tissue in the ovary during the first half of the ovarian cycle when it synthesizes and secretes estradiol

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16
Q

what happens in theca cells

A

cholesterol > + LH > progesterone > androstenedione

17
Q

what happens in granulose cells

A

androstenedione > testosterone > +FSH > estradiol

18
Q

when does the ability to release eggs begin

A

puberty

19
Q

when does reproductive ability end

A

menopause

20
Q

where do oocytes mature

A

in developing follicles

21
Q

what are the stages of developing follicles

A

primordial > antral > graafian

22
Q

what are the 3 phases of the ovarian cycle

A

follicular phase, ovulation, luteal phase

23
Q

what happens to the primary oocyte in the follicular pahse

A

it is suspended in first meiotic division at birth

24
Q

what are the follicles recruited to grow in the follicular phase

A

granulosa cells and theca cells

25
Q

what happens in antrum formation in follicular phase

A

fluid filled space and growth stimulated by FSH and LH

26
Q

what is required in the mature follicle in the follicular phase

A

estradiol production requires LH and FSH

27
Q

what happens in ovulation

A
  • wall of follicle broken down by proteases, collagenases, prostaglandins
  • follicle ruptures
28
Q

what happens when the follicle ruptures in ovulation

A
  • oocyte has completed first meiotic division

- ovum released into abdominal cavity

29
Q

what happens in the luteal phase

A
  • follicular wall left behind will transform into corpus luteum under influence fo LH
  • corpus luteum produces progesterone and estrogen
30
Q

what is in the endometrium of the uterus

A

stratum functionalists and stratum basalis

31
Q

what is in the myometrium

A

3 layers of SM

32
Q

what is the perimetrium

A

visceral peritoneum

33
Q

what are the 3 phases of the uterine cycle

A
  1. menses
  2. proliferative phase
  3. secretory phase
34
Q

what happens in the menses phase

A

degeneration and sloughing off of stratum functionalism

35
Q

what happens in the proliferative phase

A

regrowth of endometrium

36
Q

what happens in the secretory phase

A

endometrial glands secrete special mucous in response to progesterone and estrogen to prepare for potential implantation of a fertilized ovum

37
Q

how is the uterine cycle regulation by hormones

A
  • corpus luteum will degenerate and the stratum functionalists will be lost with menses
  • gorwing human embryo will produce hCG which will halt the cycle by rescuing the corpus luteum from degernatino to support pregnancy
38
Q

how long do each of the phases in the uterine cycle last

A

menses-about 5 days
proliferative phase - day 6 until ovulation
secretory phase- begins after ovulation and continues to day 28

Physio 202 Lecture (38 decks)

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