Lecture 23

Question 1

What’s the difference between human factors and organisational psychology?

Answer 1

HF = systems and design 
O = about interpersonal dynamics, focussed on the people

Question 2

How is team work defined?

Answer 2

At least 2 interdependent individuals who are collectively in charge of the achievement of one or several tasks

Question 3

What is task work and the behaviours associated?

Answer 3

• About the actual task they have to do

- Behaviours are apart of completing the task not being in a team

Question 4

What is the basic model of teamwork?

Answer 4

1. Input = what you have before you start the team (conditions and contextual factors)
2. Processes = what happens inside the team (behavioural, affective, cognitive phenomena)
3. Output = product of what the team does, has to be valued results

Question 5

Describe the transition phase in relation to action phases

Answer 5

Can happen before or after action phases, it’s when we are planning/reflecting on the action phases

Question 6

What is mission analysis?

Answer 6

Working out what the task is asking for

Question 7

What are the two ways to form the mission analysis?

Answer 7

1. Backwards looking (old team) = seeing previous performance and improving from this
2. Forwards thinking (new team) = seeing how the team can work together

Question 8

Describe the process of Goal Specification

Answer 8

• Turning the task into a specific goal
• Forming priorities
• Need to be attainable and specific

Question 9

Describe Strategy Formulation and the three plans

Answer 9

-Allocating people to roles/tasks

1. Deliberate planning = main plan
2. Contingency plan = planning for anticipated hurdle
3. Reactive strategy adjustment = when everything goes wrong, the team must choose to refocus or abort

Question 10

What components does the Transition Phase include?

Answer 10

1. Mission analysis
2. Goal Specification
3. Strategy formulation

Question 11

What components does the Action Phase include?

Answer 11

1. Monitoring progress towards goals
2. Systems monitoring
3. Team monitoring and backup behaviour
4. Coordination

Question 12

Describe Monitoring Progress Towards Goals

Answer 12

• Tracking progress
• Identifying short falls
• Providing feedback
• Can help identify what to do next

Question 13

Describe Systems Monitoring

Answer 13

• Monitoring resources and constraints

- Important for teams using technology and in dynamic situations

Question 14

Describe Team Monitoring and Backup Behaviour

Answer 14

• Monitoring other team members’ behaviour and providing assistance
• Requires strategy part of transition

Question 15

Describe Coordination

Answer 15

• Coordinating behaviours and communicating behaviour

- Important when tasks need to be done in a specific order

Question 16

What components does the interpersonal processes include?

Answer 16

1. Conflict management
2. Motivation and confidence building
3. Affect management

Question 17

Describe conflict management techniques and which is a better approach

Answer 17

-Managing conflict and resolving disagreements

1. Reactive
2. Pre-emptive -> better technique

Question 18

What helps to avoid conflict?

Answer 18

Clear goals

Question 19

What is telework?

Answer 19

Tasks done remotely that would usually be done in the office

Question 20

What are the limitations to studies done about telework?

Answer 20

• Most research done on high status individuals who chose to work from home
• Potential to exacerbate equity issues
• Overall can work, but not for everyone