Lecture 11 Flashcards
What is the ‘Minimal Group Paradigm’?
The minimum requirement to make people belong to a group
How were groups assigned in the Minimal Group Paradigm?
The method used was arbitrary i.e random, the individual has equal chance of being assigned to either group and it didn’t represent the individual
What did the individuals show in the Minimal Group Paradigm?
They showed measurable bias towards their own group
What can people derive self esteem from?
From the groups in which they associate
Explain the bi-directional relationship seen between Self Esteem and Prejudice
- Low SE produces P
- P increases SE
Describe Category Accentuation
If given labelled lines (e.g. A,B) and asked to judge size, they will categorise A and B as two different size and see a large size difference between A/B whilst lines in A all seem the same/similar
Describe Out-group Homogeneity
People in out-groups are seem as more similar to one another than the in-group with is seen to have lots of variability
What does Out-group Homogeneity allow for?
Allows beliefs on out-groups to spread quickly
everyone is similar therefore can generalise the belief to everyone
Describe Illusory Correlation
People overestimate amount of negative behaviours performed by the minority despite majority and minority negative behaviour ratio being equal
Describe the Attention Theory
- Argues that mechanism of majority and minority association are due to the way we learn to categorise
- The way we learn is to compare the new thing to what we already know then adjust for differences
- Due to seeing/associating majority group features more, they are associated with shared group features
- Minority group learn in REFERENCE to majority, they are encoded for distinctive features
Describe Devine’s two-stage theory of prejudice
STAGE 1 = stereotypes are automatically activated in the presence of a member/symbol of a stigmatized group
->this is independent of conscious belief, still comes to mind
STAGE 2 = If person becomes aware of the thoughts and it motivated, they will feel compunction and actively inhibit discriminatory behaviour
What is compunction?
Negative experience, similar to to dissonance
Describe the ‘Mum Surgeon’ paragraph and what was the effect of the answers
People who couldn’t work this out and had low P were motivated to make up for their behaviour
->later gave more favour to a female in an experiment
What is Interpersonal Discrimination?
Differential treatment by individuals towards some groups and their members relative to other groups and their members
What is Institutional Discrimination?
Involves policies and contexts that create, enact, reify, and maintain inequality
