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Plant Science > Lecture 20 > Flashcards

Lecture 20 Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the definition of tropisms

A

growth response of bending/curving of a plant part towards or away from an external stimulus

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2
Q

what is phototropism

A

elongation of cells on shaded side of shoot tip in response to light

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3
Q

what is phototropism influenced by

A

auxin

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4
Q

what are the three possible mechanisms of phototropism

A

light decrease auxin sensitivity, light destroys auxin, light drives auxin to shaded side

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5
Q

what is gravitropism

A

response to gravity

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6
Q

how does auxin affect gravitropism

A

drives negative gravitropism in shoot, drives positive gravitropism in root

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7
Q

how does the plant perceive gravity

A

starch-statolith hypothesis, hydrostatic pressure hypothesis, cytokinin

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8
Q

how does the starch-statolith hypothesis affect gravitropism

A

amyloplasts and auxin concentrations

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9
Q

how does the hydrostatic pressure hypothesis affect gravitropism

A

weight of protoplasts and not just amyloplasts

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10
Q

how do cytokinins affect gravitropism

A

inhibit growth on lower side of horizontal root while stimulating growth on upper side

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11
Q

what is thigmotropism

A

response to touch

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12
Q

what are circadian rhythms

A

internal timing mechanism

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13
Q

what are two types of cycles that have circadian rhythms

A

light-dark cycles and temp cycles

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14
Q

what is the definition of photoperiodism

A

biological response to change in day length

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15
Q

what is the difference between short day plants and long day plants

A

short day plants need to have less light than a critical length, long day plants need to have light longer than a critical length

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16
Q

what do plants measure in day length

A

plants measure length of darkness

17
Q

what do phytochromes do

A

photoreceptor that absorbs red or far-red light

18
Q

what does Pr and Pfr stand for

A

Pr- inactive and Pfr- active

19
Q

what type of light is needed for seed germination

A

red light

20
Q

what is etiolation

A

elongated, spindly and yellow or colorless

21
Q

what is vernalization

A

the process by which exposure to cold renders plants competent to flower

22
Q

what is the definition of dormancy

A

arrested growth during unfavorable seasons/conditions

23
Q

what causes nastic movements

A

response to stimulus; direction independent of position of origin of stimulus

24
Q

what is thigmomorphogenesis

A

altering of growth patterns due to mechanical stimuli

Plant Science (20 decks)

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