Lecture 2

Question 1

What phylum does angiosperm belong to

Answer 1

Anthophyta

Question 2

What are flowering plants called

Answer 2

angiosperms

Question 3

How many species belong to Anthophyta

Answer 3

300,000-450,000

Question 4

What are the two major classes of Anthophyta

Answer 4

monocotyledons and eudicotyledons

Question 5

How many species are in the monocotyledons

Answer 5

90,000 species

Question 6

What are some examples of monocotyledons

Answer 6

grasses, lillies, irises, orchids, and palms

Question 7

How many species are in the eudicotyledons

Answer 7

200,000 species

Question 8

What are some examples of eudicotyledons

Answer 8

trees, shrubs, and some herbs

Question 9

How many flowering parts does a monocot have and how many does a eudicot have

Answer 9

monocot: in threes
eudicot: in fours or fives

Question 10

What type of pollen part does a monocot have and what type does a eudicot have

Answer 10

monocot: monoaperturate
eudicot: triaperturate

Question 11

How many cotyledons does a monocot have and how many does a eudicot have

Answer 11

monocot: one
eudicot: two

Question 12

What is the leaf venation like on a monocot and what is it like on a eudicot

Answer 12

monocot: parallel
eudicot: netlike

Question 13

How are the primary vascular bundles in the stem arranged in a monocot and eudicot

Answer 13

monocot: complex arrangement
eudicot: in a ring

Question 14

Is true secondary growth, with vascular cambium present in a monocot and eudicot

Answer 14

monocot: rare
eudicot: commonly present

Question 15

What is a cotyledon

Answer 15

the first leaf to emerge

Question 16

What are some other flowering plants aside from monocot and eudicots

Answer 16

parasitic plants and myco-heterotrophs

Question 17

How many species of parasitic plants are there

Answer 17

3000 species

Question 18

What is unique about myco-heterotrophs

Answer 18

they have obligate relationships with mycorrhizal fungi and lack chlorophyll

Question 19

What are the specialized organs that parasitic plants have

Answer 19

haustoria, they penetrate tissues of their hosts

Question 20

Which shoot has the sporophyll

Answer 20

the determinate shoot

Question 21

what are sporophylls commonly called

Answer 21

leaves

Question 22

How does the determinate stem differ from the other stems

Answer 22

it stops growing once it bears a flower

Question 23

What classifies a plant as a peduncle

Answer 23

if it has one flower

Question 24

What are the male parts on the flower

Answer 24

the stamen which includes the anther and the filament

Question 25

What are the female parts on the flower

Answer 25

the carpel and that contains the ovary

Question 26

What are inflorescences

Answer 26

aggregation of flowers

Question 27

What is the peduncle

Answer 27

the main flower stalk

Question 28

What is the pedicel

Answer 28

the stem that connects the flower and the main stem

Question 29

What are the sterile appendages on a flower

Answer 29

perianth

Question 30

What are the sepals called

Answer 30

calyx

Question 31

What are the petals called

Answer 31

corolla

Question 32

What are the fertile parts of the flower called

Answer 32

stamen and carpel

Question 33

What are microsporangia

Answer 33

pollen sacs

Question 34

Where is the microsporangia located

Answer 34

in the stamen

Question 35

What does the megasporophyll contain

Answer 35

- ovary - style - stigma

Question 36

Where is the megasporophyll located

Answer 36

in the carpel

Question 37

What are whorls

Answer 37

the parts of the flowers

Question 38

How many whorls can a flower have

Answer 38

up to 4 whorls: calyx, corolla, androecium, and gynoecium

Question 39

What is the other name for androecium

Answer 39

stamen

Question 40

What is the other name for gynoecium

Answer 40

carpels

Question 41

What does it mean if the flower is complete

Answer 41

it has all its whorls

Question 42

What does it mean if the flower is incomplete

Answer 42

only has some of its whorls

Question 43

What does it mean if the flower is perfect

Answer 43

contains both carpel and stamen

Question 44

What does it mean if the flower is imperfect

Answer 44

contains only one part, either carpel or stamen

Question 45

What is staminate

Answer 45

just the male parts

Question 46

What is carpellate

Answer 46

just the female parts

Question 47

What does monoecious mean

Answer 47

"one house" has both female and male flowers

Question 48

What does dioecious mean

Answer 48

"two houses" has either the female or male flowers

Question 49

What portion of the ovary does the ovules originate

Answer 49

the placenta

Question 50

How is the ovary position determined

Answer 50

by the whorls around it

Question 51

What are the three terms used to describe the ovaries position

Answer 51

- hypogynous - perigynous - epigynous

Question 52

What does hypogynous mean

Answer 52

the ovary is superior to the other parts of the flower

Question 53

What does perigynous mean

Answer 53

all the parts are formed at the same base

Question 54

What does epigynous mean

Answer 54

the ovary is inferior to the other parts of the flower

Question 55

What does regular (actinomorphic) flower symmetry mean

Answer 55

the flower symmetry is radial

Question 56

What does irregular (zygomorphic) flower symmetry mean

Answer 56

the flower symmetry is bilateral

Question 57

What is the general life cycle of a plant

Answer 57

- two generations (sporophyte- diploid) (gametophyte- haploid) - two processes (meiosis and fertilization)

Question 58

Which is the dominate generation in the plant life cycle

Answer 58

the sporophyte (the flower stage)

Question 59

What is the angiosperm life cycle

Answer 59

- highly reduced gametophyte - indirect pollination (pollen never comes into contact with ovule) - after double fertilization (ovule develops into seed, ovary develops into fruit)

Question 60

How many cells mature in a microgametophyte

Answer 60

3

Question 61

How many cells mature in a megagametophyte

Answer 61

7

Question 62

Indirect pollination is unique to what life cycle

Answer 62

angiosperm life cycle

Question 63

What is microsporogenesis and where does it occur

Answer 63

it is the formation of microspores and it occurs in the pollen sacs

Question 64

What is microgametogenesis

Answer 64

- development of microgametophyte within the pollen grain - mircospore produces large tube cell and a small generative cell - generative nucleus produces two sperm - 3 cell stage

Question 65

What two processes form the microgametophyte

Answer 65

- microsporogenesis | - microgametogenesis

Question 66

What two processes form the megagametophyte

Answer 66

- megasporogenesis | - megagametogenesis

Question 67

What is megasporogenesis and where is it located

Answer 67

- megaspore formed in nucellus from megasporocyte | - inside ovule

Question 68

What is megagametogenesis

Answer 68

- megaspore develops into 7 celled megagametophyte - 3 mitotic divisions (8 nuclei) (two polar nuclei in central cell, egg apparatus, three antipodals) - other patterns in some plants