lecture 15 parasitic infections Flashcards

1
Q

what kind of parasite is malaria

A

protozoan

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2
Q

what are the two main types of parasite

A

helminth and protozoan

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3
Q

what are helminths and protozoa …karyote

A

eukaryotes

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4
Q

how many cells do protozoa

A

unicellular

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5
Q

what are helminths

A

worms

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6
Q

what do helminths produce to reproduce

A

eggs

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7
Q

what might it be hard to find drugs for parasites

A

they are also eukaryotes

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8
Q

what is the drug target for helminths

A

neuromuscular system

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9
Q

what happens when the trugs target the helmiinths

A

paralysis

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10
Q

why are the current anitmalarials becoming ineffective

A

resistance

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11
Q

vector for malaria

A

anopheles

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12
Q

in malaria where does the parasite affect

A

liver and blood

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13
Q

how does the parasite get from mosquito to human

A

bites

injects sporozites

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14
Q

where do the sporozoites first go

A

the liver

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15
Q

how long do the sporozoites remain in the liver

A

10 days

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16
Q

what do they do in the liver

A

mature to form schizonts

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17
Q

what do the schizonts form

A

merozoites

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18
Q

how do the merozoites get into the blood

A

make the liver cell they are in burst

19
Q

in the blood what do the merozoites mature into

A

trophozoites

20
Q

where does sexual reproduction occur in the mosquito

A

stomach

21
Q

what does the zygots in the mosquitos stomach form

A

it matures into ookinete

22
Q

what does oopinete do

A

moves from stomach to midgut and here produces sporozoites which go to the salivary glands

23
Q

when do you start feeling sick if you have malaria

A

when it gets into the blood

24
Q

where do mosquitos undergo asexual reproduction in the human

A

blood cells

25
Q

how long is the peak of fever in malaria

A

4 days

26
Q

what are the three big groups of malaria chemo

A

quinolines
antifolates
artemisinin

27
Q

how does chloroquine work

A

blocks the parasite detoxification of heme

28
Q

how do antifolate drugs work

A

affect folic acid metabolism of the parasite

29
Q

what is sleeping sickness also known as

A

African trypanosomiasis

30
Q

what type of parasite is African trypanosomiasis

A

protozoan

31
Q

what is the vector for African trypanosomiasis

A

tsetse fly

32
Q

what can the African trypanosomiasis cross

A

blood brain barrier

33
Q

what kind of problems do African trypanosomiasis cause

A

neurological

34
Q

South american trypanosomiasis is also called

A

chagas disease

35
Q

what is the vector for south american trypanosomiasis

A

triatomine insects

36
Q

what part of the body do triatomone insects tend to bite

A

the face

37
Q

what is Leishmaniasis transmitted by

A

female sandflies

38
Q

what does Leishmaniasis do

A

invades macrophages

39
Q

who does toxoplasmosis affect

A

the immunocompramised

40
Q

what does toxoplasmosis cause

A

mild lymphadenopathy

41
Q

giardiasis is

A

diarrheal disease

42
Q

how does prazinquantel work

A

paralyses the worms

43
Q

where does ascariasis live

A

intestines