lecture 15

Question 1

what divides the anteromedial and posterolateral compartments of the forearm?

Answer 1

interosseous membrane

Question 2

what is the flexor retinaculum?

Answer 2

maintains position of flexor tendons during flexion of wrist innervated by the median nerve and tendons lubricated by tendinous sheaths

Question 3

what is the palmar fascia?

Answer 3

(1) continuous with fascia of forearm

(2) when palmaris longus tendon is present (90% of population), palmar fascia is an expansion of its tendon

Question 4

thickened portion of joint capsule of metacarpal-proximal phalange joint&raquo_space; will attach posteriorly to hood for extensors

Answer 4

palmar ligament

Question 5

what do “intrinsic” muscles of the hand mean?

Answer 5

duplicate forearm muscles and provide weaker but more precise movements

Question 6

what is the Thenar group?

Answer 6

act on the 1st digit and form the thenar eminence

thenar muscles = abductor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis, flexor pollicis brevis and adductor pollicis

Question 7

what is the hypothenar group?

Answer 7

act on the 5th digit and form the hypothenar eminence

hypothenar muscles = abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi brevis and opponens digiti minimi

Question 8

what comprises the intermediate or midpalmar group

Answer 8

lumbricals, PADS, DABS

Question 9

what is the function of the hand?

Answer 9

1. opposing thumb most important component of dexterity
2. movements of the thumb
3. grips of the hand

Question 10

this medical condition is an entrapment of the median nerve beneath the flexor retinaculum?

Answer 10

carpal tunnel syndrome

Question 11

this syndrome can cause wasting away of thenar eminence and is common in occupations involving repetitive use of hands?

Answer 11

carpal tunnel syndrome

Question 12

this medical condition is when you have fluid-filled sacs extending off of a tendon sheath on the dorsal of the hand or wrist and can go away on their own?

Answer 12

synovial (ganglion) cyst of wrist

Question 13

what is mallet finger?

Answer 13

Sudden severe tension on a long extensor tendon may avulse part of its attachment to the phalanx.
The DIP joint is forced into extreme flexion (finger is jammed).
The person will not be able to extend the DIP joint.
The deformity resembles a mallet.

Question 14

what is trigger finger?

Answer 14

characterized by a digit getting stuck in a flexed position and then extending with a snap, usually PIP joint.

Question 15

Injury to the radial nerve superior to the origins of its branches results in?

Answer 15

results in paralysis of the triceps brachii, brachioradialis, supinator and extensor muscles of the wrist and fingers

Question 16

if injury occurs in the radial groove, what happens to the triceps?

Answer 16

weakened because only the medial head is affected. However the posterior compartment of the forearm muscles are paralyzed.

Question 17

what is indicated if you see wrist drop clinically?

Answer 17

injury to radial nerve