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MABS Medical Anatomy > Endocrine Gland and Hormones - Lab > Flashcards

Endocrine Gland and Hormones - Lab Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

what is the location of the Pineal Gland?

A

by the occipital lobe

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2
Q

what is the major hormone of the Pineal Gland?

A

Melotonin

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3
Q

what is location of the Pituitary Gland?

A

Sits on the sella turcica

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4
Q

what are the major hormones of the Pituitary Gland?

A

anterior Lobe: ACTH, FSH, LH, TSH, Prolactin, GH, beta-endorphins

Posterior Lobe: ADH, oxytocin

Middle Lobe: MSH

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5
Q

what are the major arteries of the Pituitary Gland?

A

Superior/inferior hypophyseal arteries

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6
Q

what is the major vein of the Pituitary Gland?

A

Hypophyseal portal veins

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7
Q

what is the location of the thyroid gland ?

A

Endocrine layer of neck (most anterior layer)

C5-T1

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8
Q

what are the major hormone of the thyroid gland?

A

Thyroxine, calcitonin, triiodylthyronine

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9
Q

what are the major nerves of the thyroid gland?

A

Superior, middle, and inferior ganglia of sympathetic trunk (vasomotor only)

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10
Q

what are the major arteries of the thyroid gland?

A

Superior/inferior thyroid artery and thyrocervical trunk (which branch into ITA)
Thyroid ima artery (variable)

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11
Q

what are the major veins of the thyroid gland?

A

Superior, middle, and inferior thyroid veins (venous plexus)
STV/ITV drains into internal jugular
MTV drains to left (or right) brachiocephalic vein

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12
Q

what are the lymph nodes of the thyroid gland?

A

Parathyroid, precervical , and prethyroid lymph nodes

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13
Q

what is the location of the parathyroid gland ?

A

Embedded within posterior thyroid tissue

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14
Q

what is the major hormone of the parathyroid gland?

A

PTH

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15
Q

what is the major nerve of the parathyroid gland?

A

Sympathetic vasomotor only

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16
Q

what are the major arteries of the parathyroid gland?

A

Shared with thyroid

17
Q

what are the major veins of the parathyroid gland?

A

Share with thyroid

18
Q

what are the lymph nodes of the parathyroid gland?

A

Shared with thyroid

19
Q

what is the location of the pancreas?

A

Head at duodenum (right)

Tail into spleen (left)

20
Q

what are the major hormones of the pancreas?

A

Glucagon, insulin, somatostatin

21
Q

what are the major nerves of the pancreas?

A

Splanchnic and vagus to celiac and superior mesenteric plexus

22
Q

what are the major arteries of the pancreas?

A

Branches from celiac trunk and superior mesenteric arteries

23
Q

what are the major veins of the pancreas?

A

Body and neck – Splenic vein

Head – Superior mesenteric and portal veins

24
Q

what are the lymph nodes of the pancreas?

A

Splenic, celiac, and superior mesenteric lymph nodes

25
Q

what is the location of the suprarenal (adrenal) glands?

A

Above the kidneys

26
Q

what are the major hormones of the suprarenal (adrenals) glands?

A

Cortex – Cortisol and aldosterone

Medulla – Epi and norepinephrine

27
Q

what are the major nerves of the suprarenal (adrenals) glands?

A

Cortex – Greater and lesser splanchnic into celiac ganglion
Medulla – Sympathetic: thoracic and splanchnic to celiac plexus Abominopelvic splanchnic to celic plexus
No functional parasympathetic at medulla

28
Q

what are the major arteries of the suprarenal (adrenals) glands?

A

Left superior, middle, and inferior adrenal arteries
Superior suprarenal artery through inferior phrenic artery
Middle SA through abdominal aorta
Inferior SA through renal artery

29
Q

what are the major veins of the suprarenal (adrenals) glands?

A

Right, accessory right, and left adrenal vein
Right suprarenal vein through IVC
Left suprarenal vein through left renal or left inferior phrenic vein

30
Q

what are the major lymph nodes of the suprarenal (adrenals) glands?

A

Celiac, lumbar, and hepatic lymph nodes

31
Q

what is the location of the ovaries?

A

Pubic region

32
Q

what are the major hormones of the ovaries?

A

Estrogen, progesterone

33
Q

what is the location of the testes?

A

Pubic region ( they hang between the legs).

34
Q

what is the hormone of the testes?

A

Testerone

MABS Medical Anatomy (35 decks)

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