Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ANAT241 > Lecture 14 > Flashcards

Lecture 14 Flashcards

1
Q

Function of the lower limb

A

• Movement and bipedal locomotion
• Weight bearing
• Force transmission

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

4 regions of the lower limb

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Muscles of the limbs are
arranged in __________,
separated by ________

A

Muscles of the limbs are
arranged in compartments,
separated by fascia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Muscles in each
compartment have a
common:

A

• Function
• Nerve supply
• Blood supply

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Pelvic girdle

A

Osteoligamentous ring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What bones make up the pelvic girdle

A
  • sacrum
  • hip bones
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does the pelvic girdle articulate with laterally

A

2 femurs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does the pelvic girdle articulate with inferiorly

A

Coccyx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What does the pelvic girdle articulate with superiorly

A

L5 (disc and vertebral body)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the function of the pelvic girdle?

A

• Protects and supports pelvic organs
• Transfer of forces from trunk and upper limbs
• Bony prominences for attachment of muscles and ligaments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the function of the pelvic girdle

A

• Protects and supports pelvic organs
• Transfer of forces from trunk and upper limbs
• Bony prominences for attachment of muscles and ligaments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Joints of the pelvic girdle

A
  • sarcoiliac joint X2
  • pubic symphysis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the three fused hip bones and when do they fuse

A

• Ilium
• Ischium
• Pubis

(fuse in late teens, 16–18 years)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Where do the 3 hipbones join

A

Join at the acetabulum = socket for the head of the femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What attaches to the ischial tuberosity

A

Hamstrings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What do the hamstrings flex / extend

A

• Extend thigh
• Flex knee

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What ligaments attach here

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What covers the Obturator foramen

A

obturator membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What passes through the obturator foramen

A

• Obturator nerve and vessels pass through it

24
Q

What is the obturator membrane made of

A

DFCT

25
Q

What ligament attaches between these two points?

A

Inguinal ligament

26
Q

What’s near the inguinal ligament?

A

• Inguinal canal – superior to the inguinal ligament.
Relevance to inguinal hernia.
• Femoral artery – deep to the inguinal ligament. Location
for catheterisation.

27
Q

Articular surfaces of sacrum

A
28
Q

What kind of joints are Sacroiliac joints (SIJs

A

• Synovial and fibrous joint
complex

29
Q

Function of Synovial and fibrous joint
complex

A

• Stress-relieving ie., transmit
loads but allow for slight ‘give’
• Function is a reflection of bony
congruency and ligamentous
support

30
Q

What ligaments stabilise the SIJ? - primary

A

Interosseous is the strongest and thickest

31
Q

What ligaments stabilise the SIJ? - secondary

A
32
Q

Sacrospinous & sacrotuberous ligaments (secondary) function

A

• Resist rotation of sacrum between hip bones
• Form boundaries of greater and lesser sciatic foramina

33
Q

What forms the boundaries of the greater and lesser sciatic foramina

A

Sacrospinous & sacrotuberous ligaments

34
Q

What structures exit through the greater sciatic foramen?

A

• Piriformis muscle

• Superior and inferior gluteal
nerves (supply the gluteal muscles)
and associated blood vessels

• Sciatic nerve (supplies posterior
muscles of the thigh, all leg and
foot muscles)
Sciatic nerve

35
Q

What does the sciatic nerve supply?

A

supplies posterior
muscles of the thigh, all leg and
foot muscles

36
Q

What kind of joint is the public symphysis

A

Cartilaginous joint

37
Q

Features of the pubic symphysis

A

• Pubic bones x 2
• Interpubic disc (made of fibrocartilage)
• Stabilised by ligaments and surrounding muscles (especially the adductors)

38
Q

Function of pubic symphysis

A
  • to allow for a little bit of give
  • SHOCK ABSORBTION
39
Q

Angle of inclination of femur =

A

125

40
Q
A
41
Q

What is functional significance of the 125 degree inclination of the femur

A
  • pelvis is wider then our feet so we need the angle to compensate for the width of the pelvis
42
Q
A
43
Q
A
44
Q

What muscles attach to the greater trochanter?

A

Hip abductor muscles

45
Q

What muscles attach to the lesser trochanter?

A
  • hip flexor muscles such as the iliopsoas
46
Q

3 different fracture locations of the femur

A
  • transcervical fracture of femoral neck
  • spiral fracture
  • intertrochanteric fracture
47
Q

What kind of joint is the hip joint

A

• Synovial, ball and socket joint
• Multiaxial

48
Q

Bony component of the hip joint

A

− Acetabulum
− Head of femur

49
Q

Functions of the hip joint

A
  • links lower limb to pelvis
  • stability > mobility
  • weight-bearing
50
Q

Features of the hip joint joint capsule

A

• Joint capsule (two layers):
– Outer, fibrous layer
– Inner, synovial membrane (reduces friction)

• Attaches around margin of acetabulum and to femoral neck

• Reinforced by ligaments

51
Q

Hip joint capsular ligament are difficult to …

A

distinguish from capsule

52
Q

Functions of the capsular ligaments

A

• All ligaments are tight with hip extension
(e.g., in standing)
• This position is energy efficient
(don’t need to rely on muscles for support)

53
Q

Three main capsular ligaments of the hip joint

A

• Iliofemoral (Y-shaped, strongest)
• Ischiofemoral
• Pubofemoral

Ligaments are not linear and therefore as well as maintaining extention, they prevent rotation

54
Q
A
55
Q

What is the labrum

A
  • contributes to stability
  • it is fibrocartilage that attaches to the rim of the acetabulum
56
Q
A

ANAT241 (29 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions