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ANSC 201 > Lecture 1- Ag Intro > Flashcards

Lecture 1- Ag Intro Flashcards

1
Q

% people in agriculture in US (developed countries)

A

<2%

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2
Q

World average % of people involved in agriculture

A

43%

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3
Q

% calories (kcal/day) from animal products in US

A

27%

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4
Q

World average % calories (kcal/day) from animal products

A

18%

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5
Q

% protein (grams/day) from animals in US

A

64%

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6
Q

World average % protein (grams/day) from animals

A

34%

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7
Q

Trend: the higher a country’s income the ______ % of protein supply is from animals. Outlier?

A

Larger, outlier= Argentina (low income + high %)

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8
Q

In 2020 1 farm supplied how many people?

A

166

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9
Q

In 2020, what % of income was spent on food?

A

8.6%

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10
Q

In 2022, what % of income was spent on food?

A

11.3% (half at home + half away from home)

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11
Q

Trend: the number of farms is _______ and size of farms is ________.

A

Decreasing, increasing

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12
Q

What are the 4 reasons US farms are productive?

A
  1. Free enterprise system (more you sell the more you make)
  2. Land and climate conditions (wide # of crops)
  3. Education system (Land Grant schools)
  4. Specialization (Agribusiness + Research)
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13
Q

% of protein supply from animals in India

A

17%

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14
Q

% of calories (kcal/day) from animals in India

A

8%

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15
Q

What is the leading meat in 2023?

A

Chicken

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16
Q

What are 2 reasons humans need meat?

A
  1. Amino acid assortment matches human needs
  2. Minerals: iron, zinc, vitamin B12
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17
Q

What % of world population relies on large animals to move things?

A

20%

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18
Q

What is the #1 pet by numbers?

A

Freshwater fish

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19
Q

Non-food products from:

A

Animal coats, manure, greases, gelatin/collagen

20
Q

Define pharming

A

Use of Ag animals to produce pharmaceuticals (goats + sheep for milk)

21
Q

Xenotransplantation

A

Transfer of animal tissues into humans

22
Q

5 examples of animal RESEARCH for human health

A
  1. models for disease
  2. Artificial organs
  3. Transgenic animals- “pharming”
  4. Xenotransplantation
  5. Nutrition
23
Q

5 Greatest domesticated species and where?

A
  1. Chicken- China
  2. Cattle- India (religious)
  3. Ducks- China
  4. Sheep- China
  5. Swine- China
24
Q

Consumption trend of beef (2020-2023)

A

Decreasing

25
Q

Consumption trend of poultry (excluding turkey, 2020-2023)

A

Increasing

26
Q

Consumption trend of pork (2020-2023)

A

Constant

27
Q

Consumption trend of lamb (2020-2023)

A

Most stable meat (1lb/person)

28
Q

Consumption trend of fish (2020-2023)

A

Small increase

29
Q

Consumption trend of total dairy (2020-2023)

A

Large increase

30
Q

Consumption trend of fluid milk (2020-2023)

A

Decrease

31
Q

Consumption trend of cheese (2020-2023)

A

Increasing -pizza

32
Q

Consumption trend of butter (2020-2023)

A

Increasing- reviewed health benefits + more cooking at home

33
Q

Consumption trend of yogurt (2020-2023)

A

Huge increase

34
Q

Consumption trend of frozen dairy (ice cream, 2020-2023)

A

Decrease

35
Q

Consumption trend of eggs (2020-2023)

A

16% higher- eggs sandwich, 277 eggs/ person, 1/3 cage-free,

36
Q

% of saturated fat from meat/poultry/fish in 1970 US diets

A

37%

37
Q

% of saturated fat from fats/oils/vegetables in 1970 US diets

A

33%

38
Q

% of saturated fat from meat/poultry/fish in 2000 US diets

A

26%

39
Q

% of saturated fats from fats/oils/vegetables in 2000 US diets

A

53%

40
Q

Consumption trend of Vitamin B12

A

Decline (less meat)

41
Q

5 Reasons for consumption trends:

A
  1. Diet/health issues (fad foods)
  2. Consumer concerns (recalls/processing)
  3. Economics
  4. Marketing (ex. Pork as the other white meat)
  5. Future: nutraceuticals, ultrafiltered components, etc.
42
Q

Organic foods

A

Produced under National Organic Program (NOP) through USDA; highly regulated, 2-3 years to switch to organic, issue: no antibiotics for animal health

43
Q

Natural foods

A

Less regulated, no artificial ingredients, minimally processed

44
Q

Grown local

A

No clear federal definition/ regulation

45
Q

Nutraceuticals

A

Functional foods; added health benefits

46
Q

Ultra-filtered components

A

Isolate components, sort by molecular size

ANSC 201 (22 decks)

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