learning Flashcards
unconditioned response
a natural response to a stimulus
conditioned response
response to a conditioned stimulus
conditioned stimulus
something that is taught to have a response
skinner
operant conditioning
operant conditioning
based on reinforcemnet and punishment
positive reinforcement
give something to increase behavior
negative reinforcement
take something away to increase behavior
ex. “if you all participate in this harkness we won’t have a test”
positive punishment
adding something to decrease bad bahvior
ex. giving more chorse
negative punishment
taking something away to decrease bad behavior
ex. no phone
chaining shaping
pos. reinforcepemt in order to figure something out
ex. taking a lap and saying ooo
aquisition
learning desired behvior
ex. dog salavates to bell finally
continuous reinforcement
reinforing every time
- extinction is faster
ex. giving a dog a treat every time they do something
which type of reinforcemnent gets quicker results (cont. or int.)?
continuous reinforcement
intermittent reinforcement
sometimes reinforce
- aquisition takes longer
-extinction takes longer
extinction
no reaction to stimulus
types of reinforcement schedules
-fixed interval
-fixed ratio
-variable interval
-variable ratio
fixed interval
every certain amt of times
ex. end of very unit –> test
fixed ratio
certain #
ex. for every # of sales you get __ more
variable interval
random times
ex. pop quiz
variable ratio
varying #
ex. winning based on # of times you pull in gambling
spontaneous recovery
reoccurrence of a conditioned response after extinction
who came up with classicla conditioning?
Pavlov
then Watson added on
Watson experiment
every time a white mouse was shown to a little boy a loud sound played and scared the boy. The boy started to be scared of white mice.
UCR in Watson experiment
scared of gong
UCS in Watson experiment
gong
CS in watson experiment
white rat
CR in watson experiment
scared of white rat
generalizatin
response of a simulus transfering to similar things
-ex. not only scared of swans but all birds
discrimination
soley responding to a certain stimulus not anything else like it
ex. not responding to the new bell
primary reinforcer
ultimate biological thing you want
ex. food, shelter
secondary reinforcer
things that help you get to your ultimate goal
ex. god grades, money
latent learning
learning without a reinforcer or outside motivation
intrinsic motivation
self motivation
extrinsic motivation
outside factors to motivate
-getting treats for fouling in bball
overjustification
when you start intrinsicly motivated but get external motivation –> intrinsic motivation goes down
-ex. NBA players
associative learning
pairing things together
-ex. bell=treat
neutral stimulus
anything before it gets paired with something else
observational learning
learning by watching
ex. mr. apel griddying after watching drew
important people order
- pavlov
- watson
- Thindike
- skinner
- Bandura
Thondike
law of effect (more complex than class. cond.)
biological constraints of operant conditioning
learn to love/fear things we would biologically love/fear
ex. spiders
cognitive map
having a map in your head
- ex. walking in your head to the gym
