intro unit Flashcards
Aristotle
Our body and mind connected
Knowledge is mostly from experience
First psych experiment
Wilhelm Wundt
Measured reaction times
William James
Wrote the first psych textbook
Mary Calkins
-Wanted a Ph.D. from Harvard
-Didn’t give it to her bc shes is a woman
-First head woman of the APA
-The first head of APA
Margaret Washburn
The first woman to get a Ph.D. in psychology in America
1920s
When we started using the word of psychology
Structuralism
-Early school of thougbht promoted by Wundt and Tichener
-Used introspection (thinking about how you think) to reveal the structure of the human mind
Functionalism
-James and influenced by darwin
-Mental and behavioral process function
* How they enable the organism to adapt, survive, and flourish
Humanism
How humans are building their whole life
Maslows pyramid
-Hierarchy of needs
-Growth potential
-Love and acceptance
Rogers
humanistic psych
Empiricism
all learning comes from only experience and observations
Cognitive psych
How we encode, process, store, and retrieve information
-Memory
-Language
-How we make decisions
Plato
Believed knowledge is inborn, and mind + body are separate
Socrates
Believed knowledge is inborn, and mind + body are separate
Locke
Francis Bacon
empiricism
Edward Titchener
founded the idea of structuralism
G. Stanley Hall
developed his influential concept of “genetic psychology,”
Max Wertheimer
founded Gestalt psychology (the whole of anything is greater than its parts)
Ivan Pavlov
discovered of conditioning principles
Jean Piaget
helped add to our understanding of children’s intellectual growth
Skinner
operant conditioning – the idea that behavior is determined by its consequences, be they reinforcements or punishments,
Socio-Cultural Psych
How behavior and thinking vary across situations and cultures
Social pyschologists
study interpersonal and group dynamics and social challenges,
Clinical psychologists
assess, diagnose, and treat mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders
behaviorists
behaviors are learned through interaction with the environment
applied researcher
apply research to real world
basic researcher
studying something to learn abt it
psychodynamics
focuses on the psychological roots of emotional suffering
cocktail party effect
tune everything else out in a loud environment accept the person you are talking to but when someone says your name u notice
conformity
go w/ what others do
deindividualization
more likely do do something rebellious when in a larger group
figure and ground
images where your brain has to pick which color is the background
ocipital lobe
in the back where vision is processed
sympathetic nervus system
fight or flight response
procedural memory
remembering by steps
instinct
inborn response
Yerkes Dodson law
you perform best under intermediate stress levels
optimal arousal theory
we all have an optimal amount of arousal- not being stressed or bored
