LE ligs

Question 1

Answer 1

Question 2

Answer 2

Question 3

Answer 3

Question 4

Answer 4

Question 5

Answer 5

Question 6

Answer 6

Question 7

Answer 7

Question 8

Answer 8

Question 9

Answer 9

Question 10

Answer 10

Question 11

Answer 11

Question 12

Answer 12

Question 13

Answer 13

Question 14

Answer 14

Question 15

Answer 15

Question 16

Answer 16

Question 17

Answer 17

Question 18

Answer 18

Question 19

Answer 19

Question 20

Answer 20

Question 21

Intertarsal jt?

Answer 21

Question 22

Answer 22

Question 23

Answer 23

Question 24

Answer 24

Question 25

Answer 25

Question 26

Answer 26

Question 27

Pelvic girdle

Answer 27

• Consists of the sacrum and two hip (coxal) bones
• comprised of three joints
  
  • sacroiliac x2
  • pubic symphysis

Question 28

Sacroiliac joint

Answer 28

• Articulation between the sacrum and two ilium bones
• synovial gliding jt that allows slight movement

Question 29

hip joint

Answer 29

• Common orthopedic surgery is a total hip replacement (THA or THR)
• broken hip usually refers to a fractured neck of femur
• congenital dislocation of the hip is common and treatable with orthotics and strengthening exercises

Question 30

Tibiofemoral joint

Answer 30

• The largest synovial joint in the body
• the most complex and frequently injured joint of the body
• modified hinge joint
  
  • permits flexion and extension
  • with knee in flexed position, it also allows for some internal and external rotation

Question 31

Joint terminology (cruciate and collateral ligs)

Answer 31

• cruciate
  
  • will be paired
  • means cross
• collateral
  
  • will be paired
  • run parallel to each other on opposite sides of the joint (typically medially and laterally)

Question 32

ACL

Answer 32

anterior cruciate ligament

• originates on the posterior aspect of the lateral condole of the femur and attaches on the anterior aspect of the tibia at the intercondylar area
• prevents anterior movement of the tibia under the femur
• named anterior because of te attachment site on the tibia
• injuries
  
  • sudden deceleration
  • hyperextension
  • pivoting in place

Question 33

PCL

Answer 33

Posterior cruciate ligament

• attaches to the posterior intercondular area and passes anterosuperiorly to insert into the lateral surface of the medial femoral condyle
• when the knee is in extension, it makes an almost 90 degree turn as it passes anterosuperiorly
• the ACL passes lateral to it and curves around it
• prevents posterior translation of the tibia under the femur
• stronger than ACL
• named posterior because of the attachment site on the tibia
• injuries
  
  • direct blow to the anterior aspect of the knee while the knee is in slight flexion
  • MVA
  • direct fall onto the knee
  • 20% of knee ligament injuries involve the PCL

Question 34

MCL and LCL

Answer 34

medial and lateral collateral ligaments

• MCL
  
  • distal medial femur to medial tibia
  • firmly attached to the medial meniscus
• LCL
  
  • distal lateral femur to head of fibula
  • add to the stability of the knee joint
  • resist forces acting on the sides of the knee joint
• injuries
  
  • direct blow to the side of the knee

Question 35

Tibiofibular joint

Answer 35

• proximal
  
  • articulation between the lateral condyle of the tibia and head of the fibula
• distal
  
  • articulation between the distal ends of the tibia and fibula

Question 36

Ankle joint

Answer 36

• excessive inversion can result in a sprained ankle (involves anterior talofibular ligament)
• other ankle ligaments may be involved in sprain injuries
• eversion ankle injuries generally involve bone fractures rather than ligament tears
  
  • medial deltoid ankle ligament so strong it will break bone rather than tear

Question 37

Transverse tarsal joint

Answer 37

• comprised of two joints
  
  • talonavicular joint
  • calcaneocuboid joint
• together these two joints constitute the transverse tarsal or mid-tarsal joint