Latent and Persistent viral Flashcards
endonuclease that degrades host mRNA to prevent attenuating response by host
viral vhs
Latent vs persistent infection with HIV is dependent on
quiescence of Tcell (active Tcells are more likely to be persistently infected, memory likely to be latent)
life cycle hepatitis C virus
chronic persistent lytic replication (lasts for months to years)
viral DNA synthesis triggers the expression of ___, which code ____
gamma viral genes which code for strucutral components of virion
disadvantages latent infection
spread to naive host is limited as there is no production of infectious virions AND death of infected cell is end for the virus as genome is non infectious
chronic persistent infection causes constant stimulation which leads to
T cell exhaustion - T cells upregulate inhbitory receptors that attenuate signaling downstream of TCR
HIV infection lifestyle
combination latent persistent
latent viral DNA maintained by the host as ___
episome (extra chromosome) (allows viral genome to survive cell division)
low immune stimulation by latent infection increases ____ and decreases ____
low immune stimulation by latent infection increases systemic cytokine levels and decreases activation threshold of immune system
persistent infection 2 contributions to disease
1) low level of cell death driven by infection and replication AND 2) most tissue damage from immune response
advantages latent viral infection
infected cells invisible to host response, difficult to design therapeutics to target latent-infected cells
two distinct life cycles of latent viral infection
latent infection AND lytic replication
