Lab Microscopy Flashcards
micron (μ) and millimicron (mμ) have been replaced by the terms
micrometer (μm) and nanometer (nm)
The size of a bacteria, fungi and unicellular parasites is usually expressed in?
Micrometer (um)
The size of a viruses is usually expressed in?
Nanometer (nm)
He was able to described the look and movement of microorganisms
Anton van leeuwenhoek
What kind of microscope has only one magnifying lens
Simple Microscopes
In simple microscope has Images appear about __to ___times larger than the object’s actual size
3 to 20 times
Leeuwenhoek’s simple microscopes had a maximum magnifying power of about _______
300x (300 times)
It contains more than one magnifying lens
Compound microscope
Who has given credit for being the first to conceptualize this magnify objects about 1,000 times
Hans Jansen and his son Zacharias
Photographs taken through the lens system of compound microscopes are called
Photomicrographs
Compound microscope is referred as a
Compound light microscope
Compound microscope has a wavelength of visible light (approximately _______ ) that limits the size of objects that can be seen
0.45 um
Location: At the top of the microscope
Function: the ocular lens has an x10 magnifying lens
Ocular lens
Location: Above the stage
Function: Holds the objective lenses
Revolving nosepiece
Location: Held in place above the stage by the revolving nosepiece
Function: Used to magnify objects placed on the stage
Objective lenses
Location: Directly beneath the nosepiece and objective lenses
Function: Flat surface on which the specimen is placed
Stage
Location: Beneath the stage
Function: Used to move the stage and microscope slide
Stage Adjustment knobs
Location: On the condenser
Function: Used to adjust the amount of light passing
Iris diaphragm
Location: Beneath the stage
Function: Contains a lens system that focuses light onto the specimen
Condenser
Location: Beneath the Condenser
Function: Controls the amount of light entering the condenser source
Collector lens with field diaphragm
Location: Front side of the Base
Function: Controls the amount of light emitted from the light
Rheostat control knob
Location: Attached to the field diaphragm
Function: Used to adjust the amount of light passing through the collector lens
Field diaphragm
Location: On the side of the base
Function: Turns the light source on and off
On/off Switch
Function: Contains the light source
Base
Location: Beneath and behind the condenser
Function: Used to adjust the height of the condenser
Condenser control knob
Location: On the arm of the microscope near the base
Function: Used to focus the objective lenses
Fine and coarse adjustment knobs
Function: Supports the binocular body and the revolving nosepiece
Arm
Function: Holds the ocular lenses in their proper locations
Binocular body
objects are observed against a bright background. Used in clinical laboratory
Brightfield Microscopes
condenser is replaced with what is known as a darkfield condenser, illuminated objects are seen against a dark background
Darkfield Microscopes
Scanner has magnification of
4x
Low power objective has magnification of
10x
High power objective has magnification of
40x
Oil immersion objective has magnification of
100x
The total magnification of scanner is
40x
The total magnification of low power objective is
100x
The total magnification of high power objective is
400x
The total magnification of oil immersion objective is
1000x
The magnification of eyepiece or ocular lens
10x or 12.5x
Diagnostic of syphilis uses serologic test or microscopy
Darkfield microscope
used to observe unstained living microorganisms
Phase-contrast Microscopes
used to observed cellular processes
Phase-contrast Microscopes
contain a built-in Ultraviolet (UV) Light Source
Fluorescence Microscopes
When UV light strikes certain dyes and pigments, these substances emit a longer wavelength light, causing them to glow against a dark background
Fluorescence Microscopes
often used in immunology laboratories to demonstrate that antibodies stained with a fluorescent dye have combined with specific antigen
Fluorescence microscope
In Fluorescence Microscopes what dye is used to stained
Fluorescent dye
capable to view viruses
Electron microscope
use an electron beam as a source of illumination and magnets to focus the beam
Electron microscopes
have a much greater resolving power than compound light microscopes (wavelength of electrons traveling in a vacuum is much shorter than the wavelength of visible light)
Electron microscope
Two types of electron microscopes:
Transmission electron microscopes and scanning electron microscopes.
Used to view the inside of your cell; inferior of the cell
Transmission Electron Microscopes
Specimen must be very thin and the electron beam will pass through the specimen
Transmission electron microscope
Transmission electron microscope has object can be magnified up to approximately
1 million times
specimen is placed at the bottom of the column
Scanning Electron Microscopes
Electrons that bounce off the surface of the specimen are captured by detectors, and an image of the specimen appears on a monitor
Scanning electron microscopes
used to observe the outer surfaces of specimens
Scanning electron microscopes
most powerful microscope
Atomic force microscope
observe living cells at extremely high magnification and resolution under physiological conditions
Atomic force microscope
possible to observe single live cells in aqueous solutions where dynamic physiological processes can be observed in real time
Atomic force microscope
true three-dimensional surface profile
Atomic Force Microscopes
