L8:Innate and adaptive immunity Flashcards
hat part of innate immunity can kill invading microbes?
neutrophils ( first response)
how can innate immunity activate adaptive immunity?
through macrophages
how do corticosteroids affect host resistance>??
decreases host resistance ( anti-pyretic effect and anti-inflammatory effect)
what are the cellular components of innate immunity ?
physical barriers
phagocytic cells
NK cells
natural flora
what are the soluble components of innate immunity ?
effector molecules that recognize microbes and promote innate immunity . they are found in blood and in extra cellular matrix
compliment system
chemotaxins
cytokines
what is the anti-viral component of innate immunity ?
interferons ( related to cytokines ). they mediate early innate immune response to viral infections by inhibiting viral replication
what chemical mediators activate inflammation ?
histamine and cytokines
give an example of natural and artificial active immunity .
natural active immunity : immunity gained when exposed to microbe previously ( function of memory cells)
artificial : use of vaccines
how is natural passive immunity gained ?
from mother to child
how is artificial passive immunity gained ?
use of preformed antibodies
what part of immunity is responsible for destroying intra-cellular pathogens ?
cell mediated immunity ( CD8 cytotoxic T cells ) ex: virus , fungi , graft rejection
what part of immunity is responsible for type IV hypersensitivity reactions?
cell mediated immunity
what part of immunity is responsible for destroying extra-cellular pathogens ?
humoral immunity
ex: virus infecting respiratory tract or intestinal tract
what happens to sensitized T cells when they come in contact with antigen ?
they undergo clonal proliferation and release lymphokines
what happens when CD8 cytotoxic T cells interact with MHC I ?
they produce porins : which forms pores in the plasma membrane of microbe . and granzymes : which enter cell and break down proteins , effectively lysing the cell
