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Microbiology > L18, 19 : Gram Negative bacteria I > Flashcards

L18, 19 : Gram Negative bacteria I Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

lactose fermenting enterobacteria:
late lactose fermenting enterobaceteria:
non-lactose fermenting enterobacteria:

A

escherichia , klebshella

shigella sonnei

shigella , salmonella

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2
Q

what type of enterobacteria are part of the normal flora in GIT ?

A

lactose fermenting ones

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3
Q

what types of enterobacteria are intestinal pathogens ?

A

non-lactose fermenting ones

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4
Q

E.coli properties ? :
gram test :
indole test :
lactose fermenting ?:

A

gram negative
indole test positive
lactose fermenting yes .

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5
Q

what is the virulent function of LPS surface O Ag on E.coli bacteria ?

A

endotoxic activity , protects from phagocytosis

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6
Q

which antigen is the flagellar antigen on E.coil?

A

H- antigen

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7
Q

which surface antigen is the colonization factor?

A

Fimbriae

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8
Q

describe the action of heat liable toxin of E.coli .

A

activates adenyl cyclase , which increases Cyclic AMP , which increases secretions of Na , Cl and water from cell

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9
Q

describe the action of heat stable toxin of E.coli .

A

activates guanyl cyclase , which increases Cyclic GMP , which inhibits ionic uptake in intestinal cells –>osmotic water loss from cells

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10
Q

which toxin of E.coli is ‘shigella-like’, and in what way ?

A

Verocytotoxin , which inhibits protein synthesis just like shigella toxins , leading to cell death

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11
Q

which type of E.coli induces diarrhea that mostly affects infants , is non-toxigenic and non invasive ?

A

Enteropathogenic E.coli

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12
Q

E.coli inducing travelers diarrhea that is non invasive but toxigenic :

A

enterotoxigenic E.coli ( resembles cholera )

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13
Q

E.coli inducing bloody diarrhea (dysentery) that is similar to that of shigella :

A

enteroinvasive E.coli

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14
Q

enterohemorrhagic E.coli produces which toxin ? and what are its effects on the body ?

A

verocytotoxin (shigella like toxin )

-Hemorrhagic colitis

-hemolytic uremic syndrome (renal failure , hemolytic anemia , thrombocytopenia )

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15
Q

hemolytic uremic syndrome is a complication of which bacterial infection ? and what does it entail ?

A

enterhemorrhagic E.coli

renal failure , thrombocytopenia , hemolytic anemia

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16
Q

what is a source of enterohemorrhagic E.coli?

A

improperly processed beef

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17
Q

which type of E.coli infection has a stacked brink appearance and causes persistent diarrhea in infants in developing countries ?

A

enteroaggregative E.coli

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18
Q

Klebsiella pnumoniae :
gram test ?
indole test ?
lactose fermenting ?

A

gram negative coccobacilli

indole negative

mucoid lactase fermenting

capsulated

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19
Q

which bacterial infection produces currant jelly like sputum ?

A

Klebsiella pnumoniae

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20
Q

what bacterial infections are most related to hospitalization ?

A

enterobacilli and serratia

21
Q

serratia :
gram test:
lactose fermenting :
pigment description :

A

gram negative
lactose fermenting
non-diffusible red pigment

22
Q

in what aerobic conditions do salmonella and shigella spp. grow ?

A

facultatively anaerobic (they posses fimbriae(colonizing factor))

23
Q

what clinical infections can salmonella spp. cause ?

A

-enteric fever / typhoid : S.typhi / S. paratyphi A,B ,C

-Food poisoning / acute gastroenteritis : serotypes of S.enterica

-septicemia : S. enterica serotype choleraesuis ( also involved in metastatic infections such as osteomylitis )

24
Q

where is salmonella commonly persistent in the body ?

A

gall bladder

25
Q

where do typhoid and other enteric fever begin?

A

they begin in the small intestine

26
Q

chronic carrier state :

A

persistence of salmonella in stool ( gall bladder ) or urine ( kidney ) for more than one year

27
Q

what does shigella cause ?

A

bacillary dysentery

28
Q

Shigella dysenteriae is an example of :

A

Group A shigella spp.

29
Q

how is shigella transmitted?

A

through feco-oral route

30
Q

how does shigella toxin function?

A

by inhibiting protein synthesis

31
Q

what does shigella toxin cause >?

A

dysentery and hemolytic uremic syndrome

it also acts as a neurotoxin

32
Q

Which bacteria shows red colonies with black centers and no H2S ?

A

shigella

33
Q

what diseases does proteus infection cause ?

A

UTI
pneumonia
wound infections
septicemia

34
Q

what property does proteus have that makes it easier for the bacteria to invade the urinary tract ?

A

vigorous motility

35
Q

what enzyme does proteus produce and what is that enzymes action?

A

urease , which breaks down urea in urine to form ammonia –> rasies pH of urine –> formation of stones ( calculi) called struvite stones which manifests as staghorn calculi in renal pelvis

alkaline urine also favors growth of bacteria

36
Q

describe the growth of proteus on blood agar;

A

swarming growth

37
Q

what colonies does proteus form on MacConkey’s agar ?

A

non-lactose fermenting

38
Q

what conditions do campylobacter jejuni bacteria grow best under ?

A

micro-aerophillic and 42 degrees

39
Q

what does campylobacter jejuni cause?

A

enterocolitis

40
Q

what bacterial infection is associated with guillain-barre syndrome , reactive arthritis , and reiters syndrome ?

A

campylobacter jejuni

41
Q

what are the sources of campylobacter jejuni?

A

raw/ undercooked meat

unpasturized dairy products

contaminated water

contact with cat or dog feces

42
Q

H. pylori :
gram test :
urease test :

A

gram negative curved or spiral rods that are motile and strongly urease positive

43
Q

what diseases does H.pylori cause ?

A

gastritis and peptic ulcer

gastric carcinoma

MALT lymphoma

44
Q

which organism has darting motility

A

vibro cholerae

45
Q

what aerobic conditions are needed for vibrio cholerae to grow ?

A

strongly aerobic

46
Q

how is vibrio cholerae transmitted?

A

through food and water contaminated by feces of carrier

47
Q

what enrichment media does vibro cholera grow in ?

A

alkaline peptone water

48
Q

what selective media does vibriocholera grow in ?

A

TCBS

Microbiology (30 decks)

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